Earth's Layers
This is the thin, outermost layer of Earth where we live.
What is the crust?
This type of weathering breaks rocks apart without changing their composition.
What is mechanical weathering?
This process moves weathered rock and soil from one place to another.
What is erosion?
This is the shaking of the ground caused by a sudden release of energy within Earth.
What is an earthquake?
This is an opening in Earth’s crust where melted rock, ash, and gases can escape.
What is a volcano?
This is the thick layer of hot rock between Earth’s crust and core.
What is the mantle?
This process breaks rocks into smaller pieces or changes their minerals.
What is weathering?
This process occurs when sediment settles in a new location.
What is deposition?
This is a vibration that travels through Earth and carries energy from an earthquake.
What are seismic waves?
These are the three things that can escape from a volcano.
What are melted rock, ash, and gases?
This rigid outer layer of Earth includes the crust and uppermost mantle and is broken into tectonic plates.
What is the lithosphere?
This type of weathering changes the minerals in rocks through chemical reactions.
What is chemical weathering?
A river carries rock and soil downstream. What process is taking place?
What is erosion?
This is the force pushing on an area or surface.
What is pressure?
This is the solid, extremely hot center of Earth, made mostly of iron and nickel.
What is the inner core?
This soft, slowly flowing layer of hot rock lies beneath the first two layer of Earth.
What is the asthenosphere?
Tree roots grow into cracks and split a rock apart. Identify this type of weathering.
What is biological weathering?
A river slows down and drops sand along its bank. What process is taking place?
What is deposition?
This liquid layer of iron and nickel helps create Earth’s magnetic field.
What is the outer core?
Where do most earthquakes and volcanoes form on Earth?
Most earthquakes and volcanoes form along tectonic plate boundaries, which are the edges where the massive pieces of the Earth's crust meet and interact.
Name the three main layers of Earth and identify which core layer is liquid and which is solid.
The crust is the outer layer, the mantle is the thick middle layer, and the core is the center. The outer core is liquid, and the inner core is solid.
Acid in rainwater slowly dissolves rock. Identify the type of weathering and explain why.
What is Chemical weathering; acids react with and change or dissolve minerals in rocks.
Explain how erosion and deposition can happen one after the other in a river.
The river erodes and carries sediment; when it slows down, it deposits the sediment.
Why don't all seismic waves travel equally through Earth
What are the three main types of volcanes and explain which one is the most dangerous ans why.
The three main types of volcanoes are shield, composite, and cinder cone. The most dangerous volcanoes are the composite volcanoes because they erupt explosively, generating highly lethal pyroclastic flows, toxic ash clouds, and destructive volcanic mudflows (lahars).