The Earth
What is the difference between revolution and rotation?
1) rotation center of object is stationary, revolution object circles something else
What is the solar wind?
32) thin streams of electrically charged particles that are essentially extensions of the suns corona
What do the 4 terrestrial planets have in common?
31) they are nearest the sun, they have rocky surfaces, and they are relatively small
A falling object will ___________________ until it reaches its terminal velocity?
22) accelerate
What is potential energy?
26) energy that is stored
On which days is the sun directly overhead at 23.5 degrees north or south
6) the solstices
What is a prominence?
37) a loop of hot gases extending from the sun linking different parts of sunspot regions
What is a comet?
36) a collection of dust and ice with a very long orbit around the sun
What are the units for speed and acceleration?
13) speed = D/t or m/s
14) acceleration = (vfinal - vinitial)/t or m/s2
What is the difference between speed and velocity?
15) velocity includes the direction of motion
What are spring and neap tides
5) spring tides have the greatest difference between high and low tide neap tides have the least
What 2 factors control the strength of the earths pull on the moon?
10) the mass of the earth and moon and the distance between them
What region of the solar system is Pluto found in?
38) the Kuiper Belt
What is Newtons 2nd law of motion?
20) F=ma
a=F/m
m=F/a
What is the equation for gravitational potential energy?
27) GPE = weight x height
What is the darkest part of the moons shadow called
7) umbra
A lunar eclipse can occur only when the moon is in this phase/
11) full
Which planet spins in the opposite direction of the earth, which planets rotation is tilted about 90 degrees
41) venus-
33) Venus also has a very thick atmospher and high surface temps despite a similar size and internal composition to earth
40) Uranus
What is inertia?
18) The tendency of an object to resist changes in motion to stay stationary or to stay moving at the same velocity
6) inertia
What are the fundamental units equivelent to a Newton (N) the unit of force
21) Kg m/s2
On the equinoxes what is the direction of the Earth's tilt relative to the sun?
12) neither towards or away from the sun- its tilted to the right or the left
Does the earth exert a greater gravitational pull on the moon, or the moon a greater pull on the earth?
both forces are equal
What is the difference between a meteor, a meteorite, and a meteoroid?
30) meteor- phenomenon of space rock glowing as if flies through the earths atmosphere
meteoroid- a rock in space
meteorite- a meteoroid that makes it through the atmosphere and lands on earth also-(42)
What does the principle of conservation of momentum say?
24) the total momentum of a group of object will be the same before and after a collision if there are no friction forces
What is the equation for kinetic energy?
25) KE = 1/2 mv2
28) momentum = mv