Exploration
Which three countries sponsored expeditions to the New World following Columbus’ discovery?
Spain, France, and England
What was the cash crop of Jamestown, and who introduced it?
Tobacco, introduced by John Rolfe
How are the Puritans and the Pilgrims similar and different?
Both sought religious freedom, but Pilgrims were separatists and Puritans wanted to reform the Church of England.
Why did Paul Revere take a midnight ride?
To warn the colonists of British troop movements
What were the militia volunteers called?
Minutemen
Why was the caravel such an important development in navigation?
It combined speed with the ability to sail against the wind.
Who founded the colony of Maryland, and why?
Lord Baltimore, to create a haven for Catholics
Identify two ways the New England colonies differed from the colony of Virginia.
New England had small farms and a focus on religion, while Virginia had large plantations and an economy based on cash crops.
Why did England want to tax the colonists?
England is in debt from the French and Indian War
Why did British troops march to the village of Concord in 1775?
To take back stolen weapons
How far did Columbus think he needed to sail to the Indies, and how accurate was his estimate?
He estimated 2,400 miles, but the actual distance was far greater.
Why did the League of Five Nations become the League of Six Nations?
The Tuscarora tribe was added.
Why did Metacomet attack the colonists?
To reclaim land taken by colonists and resist their expansion
Why did many colonists say that the Stamp Act was “taxation without representation”?
The colonies had no representatives in Parliament to approve the tax.
Who won the Battle of Lexington?
The British troops
Why were the Europeans so interested in finding a new route to the Indies?
To avoid land routes that required them to pay taxes on goods to Muslim middlemen.
How did the Pueblo Indians differ from other Indian nations that Europeans encountered?
They built complex adobe structures and practiced irrigation farming.
What is the headright system?
A system granting land to settlers who paid for their passage or brought indentured servants
What items were taxed in the Townshend Acts?
Tea, paper, glass, and paint
What are the unalienable rights written in the Declaration of Independence?
Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
How did missions of exploration differ from those of evangelization, colonization, and subjugation? Which countries engaged in each type of mission?
Exploration focused on trade, evangelization on spreading Christianity, colonization on settlement, and subjugation on conquest. Spain and France emphasized evangelization, while England prioritized colonization.
Why did Henry IV of France issue the Edict of Nantes, and why is it significant to American history?
It granted rights to French Protestants, leading to migrations to the colonies.
Write three causes and effects of the Salem witch trials.
Causes include mass hysteria, strict Puritan beliefs, and social tensions.
Effects include deaths, weakened Puritan influence, and legal reforms.
What happened at the First Continental Congress?
Delegates united to petition the king for their rights and organize resistance.
Who was tasked with writing the Declaration of Independence?
What date was the Declaration signed?
Thomas Jefferson
July 4, 1776