Chapter 1 Behavior of matter
Any sample of matter has mass and takes up space. The main reason for this is because:
Matter is made up of tiny particles that have mass and take up space
When water evaporates
the motion of water molecules causes them to leave the liquid and become a gas
The density of an object is
The mass divided by the volume D = m/v
Protons are located in the nucleus of the atom. A proton has what kind of charge?
A positive charge
The water molecule is a polar molecule. A water molecule is polar because
Oxygen has a stronger attraction for electrons than hydrogen
When you heat a sample of a solid, the sample gets a little bigger. This is mainly because:
The particles move faster and get a little further apart
When water freezes, liquid water turns to solid ice mainly because
The molecules move slowly enough that their attractions keep them in fixed positions
If you cut a wooden block in half, each half would have
The same density as the original piece
Neutrons are in the nucleus of the atom. A neutron has what kind of charge?
No charge
A paper clip can stay on the surface of a sample of water because of water’s strong surface tension. Water’s surface tension is mostly a result of
The attraction of water molecules
A water molecule is made up of
One oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms
Ice melts to become liquid water mainly because
The water molecules move fast enough to break out of their fixed positions
In the water displacement method for finding volume
You subtract the final volume from the initial volume
An electron is in a region outside the nucleus. An electron has what kind of charge?
A negative charge
Water cannot dissolve all substances that are made from ionic bonds. This is probably because
Some ionic bonds are too strong for the attractions of water molecules to pull them apart
In the process of conduction
Energy is transferred from a higher temperature substance to a lower temperature substance
If you compare ice and liquid water on the molecular level, you could say that
The molecules in liquid water are closer together
Density is a characteristic property of a substance. This means that the density of water
Stays the same regardless of the volume
In the process of covalent bonding, atoms share electrons. This means that
Electrons from each atom are attracted to the nucleus of both atoms
The solubility of a substance
Is the mass of a substance that will dissolve in a certain volume of water at a certain temperature
Water molecules attract each other because there is an attraction between
The oxygen of one water molecule and the hydrogen of another
Different liquids have different freezing points mainly because
Molecules of different liquids have a different amount of attraction
The density of hot water
Is less than the density of cold water
In the process of ionic bonding
One atom gains one or more electrons and the other loses the same number
The amount of gas that can dissolve in water changes in when temperature changes. How?
Increases as the temperature of the water decreases