Vocabulary
Miscellaneous
Protein & Fats
Carbohydrates
Micronutrients
100
What are carbohydrates?
Carbohydrates are present in food in the form of starch, sugar and fiber. They are converted into blood sugar by your body to be used for energy.
100
True or False: Eating fat makes you fat
False!
There are two causes of fat gain. First, eating a surplus of calories (eating more calories than the body burns) can cause you to store energy as fat. Eating an excessively high amount of carbohydrates without proper exercise can cause the body to store more fat.
100
Where is protein found, give at least 3 examples?
Meat, poultry, fish, cheese, milk, tofu, nuts, protein shakes, protein bars, and beans.
100
What are at least 3 examples of carbohydrates?
Bread, potatoes, fruit, milk, yogurt, and candy.
100
What are vitamins?
Substances found in food that is necessary for your body to work properly, grow, and develop.
200
What is protein?
Large complex molecules that are required for function, structure, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs. Most important for regeneration and repair of muscle tissue.
200
What are the 3 types of macronutrients?
Protein, carbohydrates, fats
200
What are at least 2 different examples of fat?
red meat (beef, lamb), processed meats (bacon, sausage), butter, cheese (especially hard cheeses like cheddar), avocados, nuts, seeds, full-fat dairy products like cream and whole milk, fried foods, chocolate, pastries like cookies and cakes, and certain vegetable oils like coconut oil and palm oil.
200
What are the 3 reasons we need carbohydrates?
Carbohydrates are the body’s main source of fuel.
All tissues and cells in our body need carbohydrates to function.
Carbohydrates can be stored in muscles and liver for later use.
200
What are minerals?
Inorganic compounds that come from soil and water. Minerals can help in bone and tooth formation, blood coagulation (blood clotting), muscle contraction and also in keeping acid-alkaline balance in blood.
300
What are our macronutrients?
Three specific kinds of nutrients that provide calories or energy. (carbs, protein, and fats)
300
What are the different Harvard Healthy Eating Plate Categories? (Must get all correct for full points)
Water, Healthy Oils, Whole grains, Fruits, Vegetables, and Healthy Protein
300
What are at least 2 reasons we need protein?
To grow (especially important for children, teens, pregnant women).
To repair injured tissue.
For energy when carbohydrates aren’t available.
300
What is a whole grain?
Whole grains are grains in their natural state. Non whole grains are refined. When grains are refined, they lose 25% of their protein and seventeen nutrients.
300
What is dehydration?
Dehydration occurs when the body loses more fluids than it takes in, resulting in a lack of water in the body. This can happen due to various factors, including:
Not drinking enough fluids, Excessive sweating, Diarrhea or vomiting, Fever, and Certain medications.
400
What are micronutrients?
Needed in smaller amounts than macronutrients yet still vital to the proper functioning of all of your body's systems
400
What are examples of unsaturated fats?
Avocados, olive oil, nuts like almonds and walnuts, seeds like pumpkin and flax seeds, fatty fish like salmon, canola oil, peanut butter, and vegetable oils like sunflower and corn oil.
400
What are the 3 functions of fat?
Growth and Development
Absorbing vitamins (vitamin A, D, E, K)
Immediate energy.
400
What is fiber?
Fiber is a carbohydrate that cannot be digested. It helps keep your cholesterol low and your digestive system functioning properly. It is in fruit, vegetables, grains, and legumes.
400
What are at least 3 reasons water is essential?
carrying nutrients and oxygen to your cells
flushing bacteria from your bladder
aiding digestion
preventing constipation
normalizing blood pressure
stabilizing the heartbeat
cushioning joints
protecting organs and tissues
regulating body temperature
maintaining electrolyte (sodium) balance.
500
What are fats?
The body uses fat as a fuel source, and fat is the major storage form of energy in the body. Fat also has many other important functions in the body, and a moderate amount of the right kind is needed in the diet for good health.
500
What is a whole grain?
Whole grains are grains in their natural state. Non whole grains are refined. When grains are refined, they lose 25% of their protein and seventeen nutrients.
500
What are the 3 types of fat? (Define each one; Healthy, unhealthy, avoid)
Saturated fat: Saturated fats are solid at room temperature and are in milk, cheese, and meat. (Unhealthy)
Unsaturated fat (monounsaturated/polyunsaturated): Unsaturated fats are also found naturally in fish and plant-based oils. (healthy)
Trans fat: Saturated fat occurs naturally while Trans fat has been altered to increase how long it lasts. Trans fats are in processed foods, chips, crackers, cookies, and fast food. (aviod)
500
What is a simple carbohydrate?
What is a complex carbohydrate?
Simple carbs are sugar. They are quickly digested for energy.
Complex carbs are from plant sources and contain more nutrients and fiber.
500
What are the two kinds of vitamins?
Fat-soluble: Stored in fat tissues and liver – take a long time to be released.
Water soluble: Travel through bloodstream and what is not used is expelled through urine. Need to be replenished often!