8th Grade Review

Properties and Changes in Matter

Elements, Compound, Mixtures

Periodic Table

Conservation of Matter

Atoms

Temperature, Thermal Energy, Heat

100

For each statement below, determine if it describes a solid, liquid or gas.

1. No definite shape but definite volume (medium amount of energy)

2. Definite shape AND volume (low energy)

3. No definite shape or volume (high energy)

1. Liquid

2. Solid

3. Gas

100

Compounds are ________ or more atoms of different elements that are __________ bonded together.

2, chemically

100

Atomic Mass is equal to this

What is protons + neutrons?

100

The law of conservation of matter states that matter cannot be __________ or __________.

created, destroyed

100

True or False:

There is definitely nothing new to discover about atoms.

False

100

Theoretical temperature where all particle motion stops, the absence of thermal energy.

Absolute Zero

200

Identify each list as either chemical or physical properties of matter.

List 1: Solubility, Malleability, State of Matter, Density, Melting point

List 2: Acidity, Basicity, Flammability, Reactivity

List 1: Physical

List 2: Chemical

200

Label each of the three images.

A B C

A - Element

B - Compound

C - Mixture

200

Identify each list of properties below as either properties of metals, nonmetals, or metalloids.

1.Brittle, dull, mostly gas, poor conductors.

2. High Luster (shiny), malleable, ductile, good conductors, most solid

3.Used in computer chips.

1. Nonmetals

2. Metals

3. Metalloids

200

Identify the type of bond:

1. When valence electrons are transferred (gained or lost). Between metal and nonmetal

2. When valence electrons are shared. Between two nonmetals

1. Ionic Bond

2. Covalent Bond

200

Particle 2 could either be a ___________ or a __________. Particle 1 must be a(n) _______________ because it is found outside the Nucleus.

Proton, Neutron, Electron

200

Labels points A, C, and E

1. Solid

2. Liquid

3. Gas

300

______________ changes result in no new substance being created. Ex: cutting your hair

____________ changes result in a brand new substance being created Ex: burning paper

Physical

Chemical

300

Label image D and E.

D - Mixture of Compounds

E - Mixture of Element and Compound

300

1. An atom with a positive or negative charge due to gaining or losing electrons

2. Two atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons in the nucleus

1. Ions

2. Isotopes

300

2Na₃PF₄

The total number of atoms in the chemical formula.

300

Represents the probability or likelihood of an electron's location

The Electron Cloud

300

Identify each definition as either Conduction, Radiation, or Convection.

1.The transfer of thermal energy through direct contact

2.The transfer of thermal energy through currents in a liquid or a gas.

3.The transfer of thermal energy through space via electromagnetic waves

1. Conduction

2. Convection

3. Radiation

400

____________ properties can be observed by using your 5 sense or by taking measurements. You do not have to change the substance.

___________ properties can ONLY be observed by changing the substance.

Physical

Chemical

400

Label each statement as Element, Compound, or Mixture.

A: Two or more different elements chemically bonded

B: Made up Entirely of one type of Atom (all the same)

C: Two or more different substances in the same place but NOT chemically bonded

A: Compound

B: Element

C: Mixture

400

1. Elements in a period have the same number of this, but different properties

2. Elements in a Group/Family have similar these.

1. Energy levels or electron shells

2. Physical and Chemical Properties

400

Identify the bond as either Ionic or Covalent

Fr₂S

Ionic

400

___________ (+) and ________ (neutral) are found in the nucleus of an atom, while ____________ (-) are found in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus.

Protons

Neutrons

Electrons

400

1.ALLOW heat to easily flow through them, materials such as metals

2. DO NOT allow heat to easily flow through them, materials such as air and cotton

1. Conductors

2. Insulators

500

Identify each process as either a chemical or a physical change.

1. Dissolving Salt into Water to make Saltwater.

2. A plant preforming Photosynthesis.

1. Physical Change

2. Chemical Change

500

1. ___________ Mixtures look the same throughout, such as kool-aid.

2. In __________ Mixtures, there are clearly different components that make it up, such chex-mix.

1. Homogeneous

2. Heterogeneous

500

These two atoms are _________ of each other. (Same element)

Isotopes

500

Identify the bond as either Ionic or Covalent

HCl

Covalent

500

1. These two subatomic particles have about the same mass and make up most of the atom's mass.

2.The smallest subatomic particle (almost 2000x smaller then the others)

1. Proton and Neutron

2. Electron

500

Identify each vocab term using the definition belows.

1.AVERAGE kinetic energy within a substance

2.The transfer of thermal energy

3.TOTAL kinetic energy within a substance

1. Temperature

2. Heat

3. Thermal Energy

600

We discussed 5 signs that a possible chemical change has occurred. List 3 of those signs.

Bubbling / Fizzing, Unintentional Color and/or Temperature Change, Smoke / Fire, Formation of a Solid (precipitate)

600

Label each as either an Element, Compound, or Mixture.

a - Calcium (Ca)

b - Nitric Acid (HNO₃)

c - Air

d - Silicon (Si)

e - Baking Powder (NaHCO₃)

a - Element

b - Compound

c - Mixture

d - Element

e - Compound

600

1. The only element to have 80 protons in it's nucleus

2. The number of Protons in an atom of Iron (Fe).

1. Mercury

2. 26

600

What are the missing coefficients?

____Fe + 4H₂0 ---> Fe₃O₄ + ____H₂

3, 4

600

What are two reasons that the model of the atom has changed over time, demonstrating the Nature of Science?

1. Improved Technology

2. Collaboration among scientist

3. More detailed and Specific Research

All helped lead to new discoveries

600

Label Points B and D (could be two answers for each)

B - Melting or Freezing

D - Condensation or Boiling

700

Which two samples are made of the same substance?

Sample A and Sample B

700

Mixtures can be separated by ______________ means whereas compounds can only be separated by __________ means.

Physical, Chemical

700

An atom of Magnesium has 12 protons, 12 neutrons, and 12 electrons. This is that Atom's Atomic Mass.

700

What are the missing coefficients?

____HCl + ____Na ---> ____NaCl + H₂

2, 2, 2

700

Identify each of three statements below as either a Scientific Law, Theory, or Hypothesis

1. If I drink more water throughout the day, I can run further at practice.

2. The _________ of Gravity explains WHY an apple falls to the ground when dropped.

3. F = m*a

1. Hypothesis

2. Theory

3. Law

700

1. Thermal energy always moves from ______ substances to ______ substances.

2. Name the three methods of heat transfer.

1. Hot to Cold

2. Conduction, Convection, Radiation