Forces and Motion
To pull or push on an object in order to change the object’s position is known as this.
Force
What are the 3 main types of rocks? What are the characteristics of the rocks?
Sedimentary: Formed from particles of sand, shells, pebbles, and other fragments of material pushed together.
Igneous:Fire or hot rocks from melted rock.
Metamorphic:Once igneous or sedimentary rocks which have been changed by pressure and temperature
The study of matter and its interactions.
Chemistry
The variable that changes in an experiment.
The theory that says Earth's continents once made up an ancient supercontinent, and have been drifting apart ever since, is called the theory of...
Pangea
Which of Newton’s Laws each statement is describing A) An object in motion stays in motion B) For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction C) Force equals mass multiplied by acceleration (F = MA)
A – Newton’s First Law
B – Newton’s Second Law
C – Newton’s Third Law
Water seeps into the cracks of a rock. The water freezes and expands. The expansion causes the rock to crack so that more water can freeze in the crack and make the crack bigger. This process repeats until, finally, the rock splits into 2 or more rocks. What process does this describe?
Erosion
How would you know a chemical reaction occurs? Give an example of a chemical, and a physical change.
There are easily observed physical effects, such as the emission of heat and light, the formation of a precipitate, the evolution of gas, or a color change.
Chemical Change: Burning Wood, Sour Milk, Baking a Cake
Physical Change: Melting, Crushing a Can, Breaking a Bottle
How is an observation different from an inference? What is an example of each?
An observation uses your senses and an inference is what you “can assume” happened.
Where are most fossils found?
In sedimentary rocks.
What is the law of conservation of matter?
Matter can neither be created nor destroyed.
What are the four types of plate boundaries?
Convergent
Divergent
Transform
Subduction
What are the three parts of an atom and what type of charge do they carry?
Protons – (+)
Neutrons – (0)
Electrons – (-)
Before an earthquake occurs it has been observed that many animals behave strangely. Some researchers reported that caged birds make noises and flap their wings and that dogs bark and howl before an earthquake occurs. What can you infer from the information about the ability of animals to predict earthquakes?
Example Inference: Animals can feel subtle vibrations in the Earth, and react physically.
How are fossils formed?
Traces of organisms harden like rock. Dead organisms are quickly buried for millions of years. Animals get trapped.
When a cannon fires, the burning gunpowder pushes a cannonball out of the end. The cannon itself is pushed backwards. Which of the following is the best explanation for why the cannon moves backwards.
The cannon moves backwards because of Newton's Third Law of Motion. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
What are some piece of evidence about Continental Drift (also known as Pangaea)?
Fossils, Puzzle Pieces, Matching Rock Structures, Fossil Fuels are found in Antartica.
All are examples of mechanical digestion. Which is an example of physical change: A. Liver releasing enzymes into the digestive tract B. Saliva breaking down starch into carbohydrates C. Teeth chewing on a piece of pizza until it is small enough to swallow D. Proteins being broken down into smaller molecules in the small intestines.
C.
A student predicts that similar ice cubes will melt faster in a microwave than in a pot on the stove. How could this hypothesis be tested?
Example Answer: A student could time how long it takes ice cubes to melt in a microwave and compare that to melting ice cubes on a stove.
The theory that undisturbed layers of rock have the oldest layers on the bottom and the youngest on the top is called ______.
Law of Superposition
Compare the acceleration of a 1 kg ball with that of a 2kg ball.
Increasing mass decreases acceleration. The 2kg ball will have less acceleration than a 1kg ball.
Scientists have been mapping earthquake and volcano locations. What did that show us about tectonic plates?
Earthquakes and volcanoes outline the plates.
Aluminum will fizz when it is put in a strong acid. Which will react faster, a solid ball of aluminum or the same amount of aluminum broken into small pieces.
The same amount of aluminum broken into small pieces.
Bianca notices that she often sneezes when she visits her friend Alejandra, who has a cat and a parrot. Bianca wonders if she may have allergies to Alejandra’s pets and decides to conduct a scientific investigation. What should Bianca do next?
Example Answer: Bianca could visit a friend who has a cat, and see if she has an allergic reaction. Bianca could then visit a friend who has a parrot and see if she has an allergic reaction.
The best index fossils have which two traits?
Widespread geographically, short lifespan.