Chemistry
When looking at the periodic table, how can you identify elements that have similar properties?
They are in the same group (vertical column)
Most of Earth’s fresh water is located where?
Polar ice caps
Groundwater
Rivers
Lakes
What are polar ice caps?
In which organelle does photosynthesis take place?
Chloroplasts
Of mold, mildew, yeast, spirilla, mushrooms, ringworm and athlete’s foot, which is NOT a fungi?
What is spirilla (bacteria)?
Index fossils are fossils of species that lived for only a short period of time and were widespread. How are index fossils useful to scientists?
They are used for naming new fossils
They are used to determine where an unknown fossil is from
They are used to determine the age of an unknown fossils or rock layer
They are used to develop a list of all species that ever lived in a certain area
They are used to determine the age of an unknown fossils or rock layer.
Living things in an ecosystem.
What are biotic factors?
The variety of species living within an ecosystem.
What is biodiversity?
A set of biological techniques developed through basic research and now applied to research and product development.
What is biotechnology?
Which of the following statements about elements is true?
Elements are only found in nonliving things
The same element cannot be found in both a living and a nonliving thing
Elements are only found in living things
Elements can combine to form both living and nonliving things
Answer: D
What is D?
hich form of water has the highest density?
Ice
Warm water
Cold water
Water vapor
What is cold water?
The basic unit of life is called a ________.
What is a cell?
Which describes examples of diseases caused by viruses?
Strep throat, salmonella food poisoning
Malaria
Cystic fibrosis, hemophilia and sickle cell anemia
HIV/AIDS
What is HIV/AIDS?
Which statement about fossils is true?
It is impossible to determine the age of a fossil based on its depth
Newer fossils are found deeper in the ground
The larger the fossil, the deeper it will sink into the ground
In undisturbed areas, older fossils are found deeper in the ground.
In undisturbed areas, older fossils are found deeper in the ground.
Law of Superposition
Non-living factors including temperature, water, sunlight, wind, rocks and soil.
What are abiotic factors?
Largest number of individuals of a population that a environment can support.
What is carrying capacity?
The altering the genetic material of cells or new organisms to enable them to make new substances or perform new functions.
What is genetic engineering?
During a chemistry lab, Jen mixed two substances together. The solid that dissolved into the liquid is called a _________.
A precipitate
A solute
A solvent
A solution
A solute
What is a solute?
What are two sources of fresh water used by cities for drinking water?
Glaciers and lakes
Rivers and ocean water
Wetlands and polar ice
Aquifers and rivers
What are aquifers and rivers?
The idea that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells.
What is cell theory?
Which of the following describes a bacterium?
Has no cell wall
Has a nucleus
Needs a host cell to reproduce
Is prokaryotic
What is has no cell wall?
Which of the following statements about the fossil record is true?
Fossil records have identified organisms that are extinct
Fossilized organisms are not related to organisms that are alive today
No new organisms have been discovered through fossils
All fossils are bones
Fossil records have identified organisms that are extinct.
A group of organisms of the same species populating a given area.
What is a population?
The struggle between organisms to survive in a habitat with limited resources.
What is competition?
Making multiple copies of the desired gene.
What is cloning?
Arrange the following terms in order from simplest to most complex:
Compound, element, atom
atom- element- compound
A farmer notices more algae in his pond since he began applying fertilizer to his land. What is the most likely reason the farmer is seeing more algae?
Fertilizer running off the land is giving the algae nutrients they need to grow
The fertilizer is killing the fish that would normally eat the algae
The fertilizer is making the water clearer, so it is easier to see the algae
The fertilizer is making the fish grow faster, so more algae grow to feed the fish
What is "a"?
Fertilizer running off the land is giving the algae nutrients they need to grow.
In a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's DNA and that has a role in processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction
What is the nucleus?
Diseases that are caused by infecting organisms are called ________.
What is infectious diseases?
he Law of Superposition indicates which of the following?
Rock layers can become tilted
Younger rocks are below older rocks in undisturbed rock layers
Relative Dating can be used to determine rock ages
Radioactive uranium and carbon can be used to determine the ages of rock layers
Relative Dating can be used to determine rock ages
Autotrophs convert light energy into chemical energy.
What is photosynthesis?
A term describing a population of organisms that is likely to become extinct if steps are not taken to save it.
What is endangered?
A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.
What is DNA?
In the following reaction, what are the reactants:
Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide ---> sodium chloride + water
hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide
Approximately 70% of Earth’s surface is covered with water. What percentage of this water is salt water contained in oceans?
What is 97%?
97% 0cean
3% Freshwater
A single-celled organism that does not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles; examples are archaea and bacteria.
What is prokaryote?
An animal that transmits a disease to another organism is called a ________.
What is a vector?
How do fossil records show that organisms become extinct?
Fossils can be compared to living organisms to see if they still exist today
Fossils tell us where organisms used to live
Only the bones of dead organisms can be found in the ground
Fossils can be used to tell us how organisms are related
Fossils can be compared to living organisms to see if they still exist today
Species that enter new ecosystems and multiply, harming native species and their habitats.
What are invasive species?
Very rapid growth of a species only possible if considerable resources are present and limiting factors are held to a minimum. produces a j-shaped curve.
What is exponential increase (growth)?
Insertion of an alien gene into an organism to give it a beneficial genetic trait.
Anything that occupies space and has mass.
What is matter?
High levels of nutrients that are discharged into the waterways.
The control center of a cell.
What is the nucleus?
The variables you keep the same in an experiment.
What is the control?
The long period of time marked by events in the earth's geological history.
What is geologic time?
The relation between two different species of organisms that are interdependent.
What is symbiosis?
No longer in existence.
What is extinct?
Fuels (ethanol) made from living plants.
What is biofuels?
Can't be broken into simpler parts.
What is an element?
An area of land that drains into a river or lake.
What is a watershed?
Provides energy for the cell.
What is the mitochondria?
A tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then reproduces inside a living cell.
What is a virus?
A branch of biology that deals with the inherited traits and variation of organisms.
What is genetics?
A close relationship; both species benefit.
What is mutualism?
Organisms that live on or in a host and cause harm to the host.
What is a parasite?
Choosing the best individuals to breed.
What is selective breeding?
A substance that can be broken down into two or more elements.
Pollution that comes from one source
What is point source pollutant?
A rigid layer that surrounds the cell of a plant.
What is cell wall?
An organism so small that it can only be seen with a microscope.
What is a microbe?
A trace or print or the remains of a plant or animal of a past age preserved in earth or rock.
What is a fossil?
A close relationship; one species benefits, the other doesn't benefit but isn't harmed.
What is commensalism?
The act of moving something away.
What is removal?
To produce (an organism) by the mating of individuals of different breeds, varieties, or species; produces a hybrid.
What is cross-breeding?
Two or more atoms share an electron.
What is a molecule?
Pollution that comes from multiple sources?
What is non-point source pollutant?
A tiny structure that carries out a function inside the cell.
What is an organelle?
An outbreak of a disease that spreads worldwide.
What is a pandemic?
A theory that the various kinds of plants and animals are descended from other kinds that lived in earlier times and that the differences are due to inherited changes that took place over many generations.
What is evolution?
A close relationship; one species benefits, the other is harmed.
What is parasitism?
Number of individual organisms in a given area.
What is population density?
An organism that has been changed using genetic engineering.
What is a genetically modified organism?