Unit 1, Matter
This state of matter has a definite shape and a definite volume. Ex. Ice
Solid
This is the type of energy a moving object possesses due to its motion.
Kinetic Energy
This invisible force is calculated by dividing force by area, and it increases the deeper you dive underwater.
pressure
This famous law states that an object at rest will stay at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
What is Newton's First Law of Motion?
These pure substances are listed on the periodic table and cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.
What are elements?
This is the scientific term for when a gas turns directly into a solid, skipping the liquid phase.
deposition
This fundamental law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
Law of Conservation of Energy
Climbing a high mountain causes this specific type of pressure to decrease because there are fewer air molecules above you.
Air Pressure
This type of force opposes motion between two surfaces that are touching, often generating heat.
What is friction?
This law states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction, meaning your equations must always be balanced.
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
These subatomic(smaller than atom) particles have a negative charge and orbit outside the nucleus of an atom.
Electrons
This specific type of potential energy is stored in the bonds of molecules, like those found in food or gasoline.
Chemical Energy
This common state of matter includes both liquids and gases because they both have the ability to flow and take the shape of their containers.
fluid
describes both how fast an object is moving and the specific direction it is traveling.
What is velocity?
This term describes a chemical reaction that releases energy into its surroundings, often making the container feel hot.
What is an exothermic reaction?
This type of pure substance cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.
Element
This type of renewable energy utilizes the heat trapped beneath the Earth's crust to generate electricity.
Geothermal Energy
According to the pressure formula, doing this to the surface area will decrease the overall pressure exerted by an object.
What is increasing it?
According to Newton's Second Law, if you double the force applied to an object, this rate of changing speed will also double.
What is acceleration?
This type of change alters the form or appearance of a substance, like melting ice, but does not create a new chemical substance.
What is a physical change?
Calculated by dividing mass by volume, this property determines if an object will sink or float in water.
Density
This is the transfer of thermal energy through direct contact between two objects, like a pan on a hot stove.
Conduction
This upward force, exerted by fluids on submerged objects, is equal to the weight of the fluid the object displaces.
What is buoyant force?
This law explains why a skateboard flies backward when you jump forward off of it.
What is Newton's Third Law of Motion?
These subatomic particles are located in the outermost energy level of an atom and are responsible for forming chemical bonds.
What are valence electrons?