States of Matter
Which state of matter has a definite shape and definite volume?
Solid
What type of energy is the energy of motion?
Kinetic energy
What change of state is liquid to gas?
Vaporization
What force causes the surface of a liquid to act like a skin?
Surface tension
Which change of state requires energy to be added?
Vaporization (or evaporation, sublimation)
Which state of matter has a definite volume but no definite shape?
Liquid
What does temperature measure?
Average kinetic energy of particles
What change of state happens only at the surface of a liquid?
Evaporation
What is vapor?
A gas formed from a liquid
Which change of state releases energy?
Condensation (or freezing, deposition)
Which state of matter has no definite shape and no definite volume?
Gas
What is thermal energy?
Energy related to temperature
What change of state is gas to liquid?
Condensation
Why can insects walk on water?
Surface tension
Melting and vaporization happen when energy is _____.
Added
What term describes how thick or runny a liquid is?
Viscosity
What happens to particle motion when temperature increases?
Particles move faster
What change of state is solid to gas?
Sublimation
How does surface tension differ from viscosity?
Surface tension is attraction at the surface; viscosity is resistance to flow
Condensation and freezing happen when energy is _____.
Removed
Why do gases spread out to fill any container?
Gas particles move freely and are far apart
Why does adding energy often cause a change of state?
Particles move faster and spread farther apart
What change of state is gas to solid?
Deposition
Give an example of surface tension in real life.
Water droplets, insects on water, beading water, etc.
Explain why condensation releases energy.
Particles slow down and move closer together