Physics
What is the unit of force?
Newton
What is the smallest unit of an element?
Atom
What is the basic unit of life?
Cell
What is the water cycle?
The continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth.
What is the closest planet to the Sun?
Mercury
What is Newton's second law?
Force equals mass times acceleration ( F = ma ).
What is the pH scale?
A scale measuring how acidic or basic a solution is.
What is photosynthesis?
The process by which plants convert sunlight into energy.
What are tectonic plates?
Large sections of the Earth's crust that move and interact with one another.
What is a black hole?
A region in space where the gravitational pull is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape from it.
What is kinetic energy vs. potential energy?
essentially the "potential" to do work when that position changes; in simpler terms, kinetic energy is "energy in motion"
What is the chemical formula for water?
H_2O
What are the three parts of the cell theory?
All living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and all cells come from pre-existing cells.
What is the difference between weather and climate?
Weather is the short-term atmospheric conditions, while climate is the long-term average of weather patterns.
What is the significance of the Hubble Space Telescope?
It has provided deep space images and expanded our understanding of the universe.
Describe the law of conservation of energy.
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
Explain the difference between an ionic and covalent bond.
Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons, while covalent bonds involve sharing electrons.
Explain the process of natural selection.
The process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
Describe the layers of the Earth.
The Earth has the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core.
Explain the life cycle of a star.
Stars form from gas and dust, go through stages of fusion, and may end as white dwarfs, neutron stars, or black holes.
What is the difference between mass and weight?
Mass is the amount of matter in an object; weight is the force of gravity acting on that mass.
What is the periodic table, and why is it important?
A chart that organizes elements based on their properties; important for understanding chemical behavior.
What is the role of DNA in living organisms?
DNA contains genetic information necessary for the growth, development, and reproduction of organisms.
What causes earthquakes?
The movement of tectonic plates along faults in the Earth's crust.
What is dark matter?
A type of matter that does not emit light or energy, making it invisible and detectable only through its gravitational effects.