Matter & Atoms
What particles make up the nucleus of an atom?
What are protons and neutrons?
A push or pull is called a ________.
What is a force?
The height of a wave is called ________.
What is amplitude?
Digital signals use a pattern of ________ and ________.
What are 1s and 0s?
What does a light-year measure?
What is distance?
What is a substance made of only one type of atom?
What is an element?
What does Newton’s 1st Law say?
Objects resist changes in motion unless acted on by a force.
Waves that require a medium to travel are called ________.
What are mechanical waves?
Analog signals are what type of wave?
Continuous waves.
What galaxy do we live in?
The Milky Way.
Give one sign that a chemical reaction has occurred.
What is color change, gas production, temperature change, precipitate, or odor change?
A flat line on a distance-time graph means what?
The object is not moving.
Which type of wave transfers energy without needing a medium?
What are electromagnetic (EM) waves?
What makes digital signals more reliable than analog?
They resist interference and keep their quality over long distances.
Which color stars are hottest?
Blue stars.
During a chemical reaction, what happens to the atoms?
They are rearranged to form new substances.
A 5 kg object accelerates at 4 m/s². What is the force?
What is 20 N? (F = m × a)
Which has more energy: high-frequency waves or low-frequency waves?
What are high-frequency waves?
Which type of signal would be best for sending data with minimal loss?
Digital signals.
What evidence supports the Big Bang Theory?
Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB) – leftover heat from the early universe.
Redshift of galaxies – galaxies are moving away from us, showing the universe is expanding.
What does the Law of Conservation of Mass state?
Matter cannot be created or destroyed, only rearranged.
Explain Newton’s 3rd Law using an example.
Every action has an equal and opposite reaction (examples: jumping off the ground, rocket launch, two players colliding).
Describe the difference between transverse and longitudinal waves.
Transverse: particles move up & down
Longitudinal: particles move back & forth (compression & rarefaction)
Explain how a QR code turns an image into a message.
Digital sensors convert the image into binary, which computers decode into text or links.
Why is the universe still changing today?
ecause it is continuously expanding, causing galaxies to move farther apart over time.