Constitution
What year was the U.S. Constitution written?
1787
What invention by Eli Whitney made cotton production faster?
The Cotton Gin
Which European country established the first permanent settlement at Jamestown in 1607?
England
Who was the first president of the United States?
George Washington
What movement aimed to end slavery in the U.S.?
Abolitionist movement
What is the belief that the U.S. was destined to expand from coast to coast?
Manifest Destiny
What was the first battle of the American Revolution?
Lexington and Concord
What political party did Andrew Jackson help create?
Democratic Party
What was the main cause of sectionalism in the U.S. before the Civil War?
Debates over slavery and states’ rights
What amendment abolished slavery in the U.S.?
13th Amendment
Who was the primary author of the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson – American Revolution
What are the first ten amendments called?
The Bill of Rights
What form of transportation was expanded during the Industrial Revolution to connect the country?
Railroads
What was the main reason Pilgrims and Puritans came to America?
Religious freedom
What did the Louisiana Purchase do for the U.S.?
It doubled the size of the country
Who is known for leading the fight for women’s rights and organizing the Seneca Falls Convention?
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
What territory did the U.S. acquire from France in 1803?
Louisiana Purchase
Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
What controversial act forced Native Americans to relocate west of the Mississippi River?
Indian Removal Act
What book by Harriet Beecher Stowe increased anti-slavery feelings in the North?
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
What were laws passed in the South after the Civil War to restrict the rights of freedmen?
Black Codes
What was the primary reason for the Louisiana Purchase?
To gain control of the Mississippi River – Westward Expansion
What principle ensures that each branch of government has some control over the others?
Checks and Balances
What economic system allows businesses to compete with little government interference?
Free enterprise system
What was the significance of the Mayflower Compact?
It was the first self-government agreement in the colonies.
What foreign policy warned European nations to stay out of the Western Hemisphere?
The Monroe Doctrine
What was the goal of the Temperance Movement?
To reduce or eliminate alcohol consumption.
What trail was the primary route for settlers moving to Oregon?
Oregon Trail
What treaty ended the American Revolution?
Treaty of Paris 1783
What was the name of the journey that forced the Cherokee to move to Indian Territory in Oklahoma, resulting in thousands of deaths?
Trail of Tears
What event caused the first Southern states to secede from the Union?
Election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860
What organization was created to help formerly enslaved people with education and jobs?
Freedmen’s Bureau
What was the significance of the Dred Scott decision?
It ruled that enslaved people were property and not citizens – Sectionalism & Civil War
Which compromise determined how enslaved people would be counted for representation and taxation?
The Three-Fifths Compromise
How did the Industrial Revolution contribute to urbanization
People moved to cities for factory jobs, leading to population growth in urban areas.
What was the name of the journey enslaved Africans were forced to endure across the Atlantic?
The Middle Passage
What was the major cause of the War of 1812?
British impressment of American sailors and interference with U.S. trade.
What was Horace Mann’s major contribution to American society?
Advocating for public education reform.
What war was fought between the U.S. and Mexico, resulting in the U.S. gaining California and the Southwest?
Mexican-American War
What pamphlet by Thomas Paine encouraged colonists to support independence?
Common Sense
What was the nullification crisis about?
South Carolina threatened to secede over high tariffs, arguing they could nullify federal laws.
What was the significance of the Emancipation Proclamation?
It declared enslaved people in Confederate states free and shifted the war’s focus to ending slavery.
What was the name of the deal that ended Reconstruction by removing federal troops from the South?
Compromise of 1877
What movement called for women’s voting rights?
Women’s Suffrage Movement – Reform Era
What is the process by which the Constitution can be changed or added to?
Amendment process
How did the invention of interchangeable parts impact manufacturing?
It made production faster, reduced costs, and allowed for easier repairs by standardizing components.
What was the main economic activity of the French colonies in North America?
Fur trading, especially with Native American tribes.
What court case established the principle of judicial review?
Marbury v. Madison
Who was the leading advocate for prison and mentally ill reform?
Dorothea Dix
What was the significance of the Gadsden Purchase of 1854?
It provided land for a southern transcontinental railroad and finalized the U.S.-Mexico border.
What was the significance of the Battle of Saratoga?
It was the turning point of the war, convincing France to support the U.S.
What did Jackson do in response to the Supreme Court’s ruling in Worcester v. Georgia?
He ignored the ruling and continued with Native American removal.
What was the name of the strategy the Union used to blockade Southern ports and split the Confederacy?
Anaconda Plan
What was the purpose of the 14th Amendment?
It granted citizenship and equal protection under the law to all people born in the U.S.
What was the main purpose of the Monroe Doctrine?
To prevent European interference in the Americas – Early Republic