Defintions
_____________________________ States that even though energy is always transferring, energy is not created and energy is not destroyed.
law of conservation of energy
Which factors determine the amount of kinetic energy an object has?
mass and speed
What type of potential energy is stored in stretched rubber bands?
elastic PE
What is a sign that energy transfer has occurred?
when an object has changed motion
temperature changes
sound
___________________ between a car’s tires and the road causes some of the kinetic energy of the tires to transform into thermal energy.
friction
_________________________ is Energy stored in objects that are compressed or stretched, such as springs and rubber bands.
elastic potential energy
What happens to kinetic energy when mass increases?
it increases proportionally
_________________________ is the energy due to interactions between objects or particles when distance changes.
Potential energy
When a girl lifts a box onto a shelf, what type of energy increases?
Gravitational potential energy.
What unit is energy measured in?
Joules (J)
_________________ is energy due to motion
kinetic energy
What type of relationship exists between mass and kinetic energy?
linear, proportional
How does height affect an object's gravitational potential energy?
As height increases, potential energy increases.
What happens to energy during every transformation and transfer?
Some energy transforms into thermal energy.
gravitational potential energy exists between all objects but is most significant between objects and ____________________________
Earth
_______________________ is stored energy due to the interactions of objects in a gravitational field.
gravitational potential energy
What type of relationship exists between speed and kinetic energy?
square, non linear
When does a rubber band have elastic potential energy?
When it is stretched or compressed.
Energy is present when objects are ___________________ and not ______________
moving; not moving
___________________ is the transfer of energy to an object by a force that makes the object move in the direction of the force.
Work
___________________________ is the sum of the potential energy and kinetic energy in a system
mechanical energy
What happens to kinetic energy when speed doubles?
it increases by a factor of 4 (quadruples)
How does mass affect gravitational potential energy?
Mass and gravitational potential energy have a proportional relationship.
What type of energy is transformed when a tire skids on the road?
Kinetic energy is transformed into thermal energy.
When a pendulum swings, when is its kinetic energy the greatest?
at the lowest point of its swing