States of Matter
This state of matter has molecules that move the fastest and spread the farthest apart.
What is a gas
Placing a pot of water over this is a prime example of thermal energy transfer.
What is a burner?
Project requirements that must be met, such as a tent that "sleeps 4 people" and "weighs 9 pounds", are called this.
What are criteria?
Materials that do not transfer thermal energy efficiently are known as this.
What are thermal insulators?
This is the melting point of water in degrees Celsius.
What is 0 degrees Celsius?
In this state of matter, particles have the least amount of relative thermal energy and move the slowest.
What is a solid?
If you put a cold drink in a bucket of ice, energy transfers from the drink to the ice, causing the drink to do this.
What is get colder?
Limitations that restrict possible solutions to a design, such as availability of color choices or cost limits, are called this.
What are constraints?
This common metallic kitchen wrap was found to be a poor thermal insulator during the container experiment.
What is aluminum foil?
This is the boiling point of water in degrees Celsius.
What is 100 degrees Celsius?
This happens to the molecules inside a sealed plastic bottle when it is heated by a hand warmer.
What is they move faster and farther apart (causing the bottle to expand)?
A half-filled insulated container gets warmer faster than a full one because the same amount of energy transfers to this.
What is a smaller amount of matter?
Before building an expensive final design or placing insulation in a roof, an engineer's most appropriate step is to do this.
What is test the design in similar conditions?
In an experiment to keep drinks cold, this material proved to be a highly effective insulator.
What is Styrofoam?
Adding this to an insulated container increases the mass that must undergo a phase change, helping keep the drink inside cold.
What is as much ice as possible?
Relative to gases, solids and liquids have this level of thermal energy.
What is less thermal energy?
When a bicyclist applies the brakes, their kinetic energy transfers to these two places.
What are the brakes and the ground?
If a team tests four safety devices on cars and two perform best, the safest car design will do this.
What is incorporate the best performing features into a new design?
To keep a drink as cold as possible, you should insulate this much of the container to slow down heat transfer from air molecules.
What are all surfaces (or the sides and top)?
While ice is melting into water, the temperature of the ice water stays completely constant until this happens.
What is until the ice is completely melted?
When a solid block of ice melts and then boils on a hot plate, it produces this gas phase.
What is steam?
To compare heat transfer to water versus soil, you should place separate containers of each in the sun and monitor this.
What is the temperature?
Keeping food cool and clean without using electricity describes the criteria and constraints for a school located near this geographic line.
What is the equator?
In solar cooker designs, students noted that liners of this shade worked better than lighter ones because they transfer heat better
What are darker colored liners?
Increasing the mass of ice in a container increases the length of time it takes to melt because of this reason.
What is it takes more energy to melt a larger mass of ice?