Technological Advances (Late 1800s - Early 1900s)
What economic system contributed to the growth of industrial economies?
Capitalism and free markets.
How did industrialization affect urbanization?
It led to mass migration from rural to urban areas.
What legislation aimed to regulate railroads?
The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887.
What motivated groups like Exodusters to migrate west?
The pursuit of the American Dream and escape from oppression.
What territory did the U.S. acquire through the Spanish-American War?
Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.
What was one major innovation in transportation during this period?
The expansion of railroads.
What were some causes of immigration to the U.S. during this time?
Economic opportunities and political unrest in home countries.
What was the purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act?
To prevent monopolies and promote competition.
What did Frederick Turner argue in "The Significance of the Frontier"?
The frontier shaped American democracy and culture.
What was the significance of the Panama Canal?
It facilitated maritime trade and military movement.
How did electricity change daily life?
It revolutionized industries and household use.
Describe a struggle faced by the labor force.
Child labor, long hours, unsafe working conditions, and low wages.
How did Theodore Roosevelt respond to trusts?
He supported trust-busting and consumer protection laws.
How did westward expansion affect Native Americans?
It led to loss of land, the reservation system, and assimilation policies.
How did the Great White Fleet demonstrate U.S. power?
It showcased naval strength through a world tour.
Who were some key industrialists that influenced the U.S. economy?
Andrew Carnegie, J.P. Morgan, and John D. Rockefeller.
What movement arose in response to the struggles of farmers?
The Populism movement.
What significant event led to the Plessy v. Ferguson decision?
Racial segregation laws and Jim Crow practices.
What was the outcome of the Battle of Little Bighorn?
It was a significant victory for Native Americans against U.S. forces.
What were the terms of the Treaty of Paris (1898)?
Spain ceded its territories to the U.S. and recognized Cuban independence.
What business practices did corporations use to gain control?
Vertical and horizontal integration, and forming monopolies/trusts.
Who were some muckrakers that influenced the Progressive movement?
Upton Sinclair and Ida Tarbell.
What were the goals of W.E.B. DuBois and the Niagara Movement?
To promote civil rights and higher education for Black Americans
What were the effects of the Spanish-American War?
The U.S. acquired territories and emerged as a world power.
How did U.S. foreign policy change under Theodore Roosevelt?
It became more assertive, focusing on imperialism and international influence.