Boiling Points to the Civil War Pt. 1
What is the Compromise of 1850?
California = Free State
Washington, DC = Slavery abolished
Congress would not pass slavery laws for new territories and would pass the Fugitive Slave Act
What started the Civil War? When did it begin?
At 4:30 a.m. on April 12, 1861 - Confederate troops fired on Fort Sumter in South Carolina's Charleston Harbor.
Who is Thomas Jackson? What is his nickname?
Gen. Thomas Jackson, “Stonewall.” - Confederate.
Name received at the Battle of the First Bull Run
What political parties came from the splitting of the Whig party?
Southern Whigs supported slavery
Joined the Democratic party
Northern Whigs who were against slavery
Formed the Republican Party
What is the Fugitive Slave Act?
African American people accused of being fugitives in free/Northern states under this law could be held without an arrest warrant
No right to a jury, lawyer, or judge
What is the Battle of the First Bull Run" known as?
What happened?
First Major Battle of the Civil War
July 21, 1861
McDowell - Marched to Virginia to seize Richmond (Confederate Capital).
Confederacy: Gen. Pierre G. T. Beauregard
Defending a critical railroad junction at Manassas, Virginia.
Who is Ulysses S. Grant? Where and when did he get his nickname? What is it?
“accept unconditional and immediate surrender” - Grant at the Battle of Fort Donelson
Describe the Dred Scott v. Sanford case
Dred Scott sued for his freedom because he was brought into a free state as a slave.
The US Supreme Court decided that no slave or descendent of a slave could be a US citizen.
can’t file a lawsuit because he is a non-citizen and property.
Congress had no power to exclude slavery from the territories.
Missouri Compromise = unconstitutional
Laws limiting slavery = unconstitutional
List two prominent abolitionists
Harriet Beecher Stowe - Wrote, “Uncle Tom’s Cabin”
Frederick Douglass - Former slave and wrote, “Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave.
What happened at the battle at Fort Donelson?
What is it known as?
Feb 11 - 16, 1862: One of the first major Union victories
Grant captured Fort Donelson, located along the Cumberland River in Tennessee.
Confederate: Gideon Pillow and John B. Floyd fled, leaving behind 13,000 soldiers.
Who is Robert E Lee?
General of the Confederate army
Who won the election of 1860? Which state promised to secede of he won? Did they?
11.6.1860 - Lincoln won the election
12.20.1860 - South Carolina is the first state to secede from the union.
What led to the Bleeding Kansas?
The Kansas-Nebraska Act.
Proposed that the Nebraska territory be divided into Nebraska and Kansas
What happened at the Battle of Antietam?
What is it known as?
Sept 17, 1862 - the bloodiest battle so far in the Civil War
Confederacy: Gen. Robert E. Lee invaded Maryland.
Union: Gen. George McClellan fought at dawn in a cornfield in Sharpsburg, Maryland.
Union troops
Which side did George McClellan and Irvin McDowell serve?
Union
Who was the president of the confederate state and what states were confederate?
Jefferson Davis = President
South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, North Carolina, and Texas
Describe some events that made Bleeding Kansas, "Bleeding Kansas."
What years did it last for?
1854 - 1861 Violence broke out between proslavery and antislavery voters.
500 pro slavery Missourians crossed the border and voted illegally
Anti-slavery immigrants arrived in Kansas with assistance from societies like the New England Emigrant Aid Company.
1856, abolitionist John Brown and his sons murdered five Southerners in Pottawatomie Creek.
1856 - a proslavery mob burned the hotel and newspaper office in Lawrence.
1856 - U.S. Rep. Preston S. Brooks of South Carolina beat U.S. Sen. Charles Sumner of Massachusetts with a cane.
January 29, 1861 - Kansas entered the Union as a free state
When was the Emancipation Proclamation given?
What did it do to the Civil War?
1.1.1863 - Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation.
Redefined the Civil War from a struggle to preserve the Union to ending slavery.
Which side did Gideon Pillow, Pierre G. T. Beauregard, and John B. Floyd serve on?
Confederacy
What is the Emancipation Proclamation?
Freed slaves in rebelling states
Accepted black men into the Union military
Applied to states that had seceded from the Union
Did not apply to loyal border states or parts of the Confederacy that were already under Union control