Unit 1
What is the name of the supercontinent that Alfred Wegener proposed?
Pangaea
What are renewable and non-renewable resources?
Renewable: replenish naturally
Non-renewable: limited supply
What is demography?
The study of human populations.
What is a 20-minute neighbourhood?
A place where daily needs can be met within a 20-minute walk
Nunavut 😉
What are the three main types of natural vegetation in Canada?
Tundra, Grassland, Forest
What are the four economic sectors?
Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary
What are the three types of population distribution?
Scattered, Clustered, Linear.
Define urban sprawl.
Spreading of city into nearby natural/rural areas
Which two provinces are mostly covered by the Canadian Shield?
Ontario and Quebec
What is permafrost and why is it important for climate change?
Frozen ground that, if melted, could release massive amounts of carbon and water, worsening climate change.
What is sustainable yield management in forestry?
Using resources at a rate they can be replenished for long-term use
What does a negative natural increase rate (NIR) mean?
There are more deaths than births; population is shrinking.
What is the main issue faced by many Indigenous reserves in Canada today?
Lack of clean water, education, healthcare, food security, and jobs
How do ocean currents affect Canada’s climate on both coasts?
he warm Gulf Stream moderates the East Coast, while the cold Alaska Current cools the West Coast.
Name all seven landform regions of Canada.
Western Cordillera, Interior Plains, Canadian Shield, Hudson Bay Lowlands, Arctic Lowlands, St. Lawrence Lowlands, Appalachian Region.
Explain the difference between intensive and extensive farming.
Intensive: small land, high input
Extensive: large land, low input
What do population pyramids tell us about a country?
They show birth/death rates, life expectancy, and whether a country is developing or developed.
How does public transportation support sustainability in cities?
It reduces traffic, lowers emissions, and provides accessible travel for more people.
What is the significance of the St. Lawrence River?
It’s a major trade and shipping route connecting the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean
List the 6 main factors that influence Canada's climate.
Latitude, Ocean Currents, Wind and Air Masses, Elevation, Relief, Near Water (LOWERN)
What are the main types of fishing we learned in class? Name at least 5 of them.
Purse seining, gill netting, bottom trawling, pelagic trawling, dredging, pots and traps, long lining, pole and line, and aquaculture.
What are all the categories of Canada’s point system in immigration?
Education, Language, Work experience, Age, Arranged employment in canada HRDC approved, and adaptability.
Why is mixed land use important in sustainable urban planning?
It reduces the need to travel long distances, increases walkability, and combines housing, work, and services in one area.
Which two landform regions meet near the city of Calgary, and how does this affect the landscape?
The Interior Plains and the Western Cordillera; it creates a noticeable shift from flatlands to mountains.