Mexico
What is the capital city of Mexico?
Mexico City
What policy, introduced by President James Monroe, warned European powers not to interfere in Latin America?
Monroe Doctrine
What is the term for a government where the military controls the country?
Military dictatorship
Who was the Mexican president during the 1930s known for land reforms and nationalizing the oil industry?
Lázaro Cárdenas
What was the name of the U.S. policy that justified intervention in Latin America to protect economic and political interests?
Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
What was the main purpose of land reform in Latin America?
To redistribute land to reduce inequality
What was the main goal of the Mexican Revolution (1910–1920)?
Land reform, social justice, end of dictatorship
What was the main reason for the U.S. involvement in the Panama Canal project?
To secure trade routes and military advantages
Name one Latin American country that underwent a socialist revolution in the 20th century
Cuba – The Cuban Revolution of 1959
How did the Tlatelolco Massacre of 1968 affect Mexico’s political landscape?
It exposed government repression and increased demands for democracy
How did the Alliance for Progress (1961) aim to counter communism in Latin America?
It provided economic aid to promote development and reduce poverty
What was the main economic challenge faced by Latin American countries in the 1980s, leading to a period called the "Lost Decade"?
Debt crisis due to excessive foreign loans and economic mismanagement
What economic model did Mexico follow after WWII, focusing on industrialization and economic nationalism?
Import Substitution Industrialization – ISI
What role did the United Fruit Company play in U.S. interventions in Latin America?
It lobbied for U.S. intervention in countries like Guatemala to protect its business interests
What was the Washington Consensus, and how did it affect Latin American economies?
A set of neoliberal economic policies, including privatization and deregulation, promoted by the IMF and World Bank