Colonialism
The first convicts arrived in Australia on The First Fleet in 1788. There were 11 ships altogether, led by...
Captain Arthur Phillip
In what year did Edward Hargraves discover gold in New South Wales?
1851
List the Five Great Empires that existed before World War 1.
Great Britain, Germany, Russia, Austria-Hungary, France
World War 1 began in _____ and ended in _____
1914-1918
Spell your history teacher's last name!
Urquhart
Explain the difference between immigration and emigration.
What is the official name of the White Australia Policy and how was it enforced?
Immigration Restriction Act (1901)
Migrants needed to write/translate 50 words in any European language, as dictated by an immigration officer.
Explain two short-term causes of World War 1.
Militarism - a belief that all nations should build and maintain strong armed forces to promote their national interests and provide national security.
Alliances - a union or association formed between countries for mutual benefit
Imperialism - extending a country's power and influence over foreign nations through colonisation/military force.
Nationalism - feeling of extreme loyalty to your nation-state, its people and culture - promoting these interests ahead of other nations
This type of warfare, characterised by soldiers living and fighting from deep ditches, was a defining feature of the Western Front.
Trench warfare
What are the two types of sources? Provide an example of each.
Secondary - textbook, documentary
Explain one 'push factor' and one 'pull factor' that led to Australian colonisation.
Push - discovery of gold, free land
Pull - poor living conditions, economic hardship/unemployment
What was Blackbirding?
Blackbirding was a practice, primarily in the 19th and early 20th centuries, involving the coercion or kidnapping of people from Pacific Islands and parts of Southeast Asia to work as laborers on plantations.
List the 3 main countries in the Triple Alliance and Triple Entente.
Triple Alliance: Italty, Austria-Hungary, Germany
Triple Entente: France, Britain, Russia
Soldiers in World War I often faced this debilitating condition due to the constant exposure to wet and unsanitary conditions in the trenches.
Trench Foot
What are the two acronyms used in historical writing? Identify each letter correctly.
TEAL and COMA
For historians, Pemulwuy's story represents resistance (guerilla warfare) by Indigenous peoples.
Bennelong is another prominent person whose story represents...
Some peaceful co-existence between colonists and Indigenous Australians.
Explain 1 argument for Federation and 1 argument against Federation.
For: one unified defence force, one railway gauge, national identity/immigration restriction, single trade market, opportunity for equal suffrage for women
Against: concerns that Australia would lose cultural ties to Britain, colonies would lose power and identity
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was an immediate trigger of World War 1, explain what the subsequent 'July Crisis' was.
Austria-Hungary blamed Serbia for the assassination and issued a harsh ultimatum - 10 demands that would have politically embarrassed Serbia's leaders and power.
What was the Christmas Truce, and when did it occur?
During World War I, soldiers on both sides of the conflict (Britain and Germany) spontaneously declared a truce and celebrated Christmas together in 1914.
Order these events in chronological order: Federation, End of WW1, Arrival of the First Fleet, Discovery of Gold, Gallipoli landing, Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Moroccan Crisis
The Myall Creek massacre was the killing of at least twenty-eight unarmed Aboriginal people by eight colonists on 10 June 1838. What were the consequences of this event and why was this significant?
Consequences: After two trials, 7 of the 12 accused colonists were found guilty of murder and sentenced to execution by hanging.
Significance: This marked the first time that colonists were held accountable for their actions.
Explain why there was conflict between European and Chinese miners?
Conflict between the Chinese and Europeans on the goldfields stemmed from the European miners' resentment (jealously) of their successes - they successfully found gold in tailings.
According to your group, which MAIN cause of World War I was the most significant, and why? Use evidence
Answers may vary
How did World War I change the roles of women in Australian society?
World War I changed the roles of women in Australia by increasing their participation in jobs traditionally held by men. For example, many women took on roles in munitions factories and agriculture.
Identify 1 possible strength and limitation of a primary source.
Strengths: First hand account - accurate depiction of historical period/event
Limitations: Can be biased based on the author's perspective, background, or intentions.