Research Foundations
Which of the following is a key goal of science?
B) Explain behavior
Which of the following is a key goal of science?
Nominal
Which form of reliability checks consistency over time?
Test-retest
Mean is sensitive to
Outliers
Which question should you ask first when reading a study?
What makes it important?
Temporal precedence refers to…
Cause preceding effect
Which scale of measurement has a “true zero”?
Ratio
Split-half reliability evaluates:
Internal consistency
Median is best for
Highly skewed data
Why is peer review important?
Adds credibility and quality check
Temperature in Celsius is an example of what type of measurement scale?
C) Interval
Temperature in Celsius is an example of what type of measurement scale?
Interval
Which type of validity involves appearance that a measure assesses the intended construct?
Face validity
Pearson’s correlation measures
Linear trends
Which of the following most threatens external validity?
Sampling bias
Which best reflects scientific skepticism?
Evaluating claims using logic and evidence
The only measure of central tendency used with nominal data is
Construct validity requires
An articulated theory
Standard deviation reflects
Variability around the mean
Why might surprising findings require closer scrutiny?
They may challenge established knowledge
Illusory correlation refers to
Seeing patterns in co-occurrences
Reliability refers to
Consistency of measurement
Discriminant validity means
No correlation with unrelated construct
Statistical significance (p ≤ .05) tells us
Probability results are due to chance
What’s a common bias in survey research?
Question wording effects