Vocab1
Define a Chromosome.
-Made of DNA
-Carries genetic information
Adenine+Thymine
Guanine+Cystosine
Adenine+Uracil
What are hydrogen bonds?
They are WEAK bonds between the BASES in DNA.
What does tRNA do?
It transfers the appropriate amino acids via anticodons.
What is a Anti codon?
Define a complementary pair.
TGA/TTG/CAG
Other half of DNA Nitrogenous base pairs.
ACT/AAC/GTC
What is a Mutation
A change in DNA sequence. Substitution, Deletion, and insertion.
What are covalent bonds?
Very STRONG bonds. They connect the phosphate group of one nucleotide to the Sugar group of another nucleotide. They connect nucleotides.
Where are proteins made?
What causes denature?
Heat, pH and, mechanical stress.
What is RNA polymerase?
The Enzyme that translates DNA into RNA
What is protein synthesis?
The process in which proteins are created. 1st Transcription and 2nd translation.
What is Transcription?
Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA. It takes place in the nucleus.
Where is tRNA found?
In the cytoplasm
Convert DNA into RNA: TGA CGA
ACU GCU
What does DNA stand for and what is it?
Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid. Double stranded nucleic acid
What is denature?
The unfolding of a protein. (The unraveling of its polypeptide chains which leaves the protein non-functional)
What does mRNA do in protein synthesis?
It leaves to nucleus to pass on genetic information.
What are the three components of a nucleotide.
Phosphate, Sugar, Base
find the complement GAC CTA
CTG GAT
What are the nitrogenous bases?
Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine, Uracil
Single stranded Nucleic acid.
What is Translation?
The process in which mRNA is read and Translated into a string of Amino Acid Chains. It takes place in the cytoplasm/ribosome.
What is a codon?
A group of three nitrogenous bases.
What is DNA made up of?
nucleotides