Carbs 1
How many Monosaccharides are there? Name all of them.
3: Glucose, Fructose, and Galactose
What are disaccharides?
pairs of monosaccharides linked together
What are dietary fibers?
structural parts of plants
What's the difference between fermentable and viscous fibers?
Fermentable: fibers that can be digested by bacteria in the GI tract
viscous: fibers that have gel forming properties
What can you eat to prevent type 2 diabetes?
eat high fibers foods
What do fibers in the large intestine do
linger and attract water to soften stool passage
What links disaccharides together, and what breaks them down?
Links up: Condensation
Breaks down: Hydrolysis
TRUE/FALSE: Insoluble fibers are non-starch polysaccharides that can dissolve in water
What is the preferred source of energy for public?
glucose
What are the possible consequences to excessive intakes of Starches and fibers?
Abdominal discomfort, gas, diarrhea, obstruct GI Tract
The liver can store only enough glycogen to provide energy for how long?
What does glycogen store for future use
glucose
What is a resistant starch
starches that escape digestion and absorption in the small intestine
What signals the kidneys to release glucose
epinephrine
TRUE/FALSE: high fiber foods are filling and are likely to be eaten in excess
false
TRUE/FALSE: fat cannot make a significant amount of glucose
true
The conversion of protein to glucose is called
glucogenesis
A high fiber can help protect against
colon and rectal cancer
What does the DRI suggest as the carbohydrate energy requirement percentage
45-65%
liver and muscles
What two hormones maintain glucose homeostasis
Insulin and Glucagon
When blood glucose is low, what do cells of w pancreatic cells do
simulates the secretion of glucagon
When ketone body production exceeds use, they can cause what
ketosis
Define protein sparing action
action of carbs and fats in providing energy that allows protein to be used for other purposes
starches