Unit 2 - Biological Molecules
The type of bond formed between two monosaccharides in a disaccharide.
Glycosidic bond
The name of the sugar in RNA.
Ribose sugar.
Plant tissue that transports water and dissolved minerals.
Xylem
The chamber of the heart that pumps blood to the pulmonary circuit.
Right ventricle
Where does gas exchange take place?
Alveoli
Which cells produce antibodies?
Plasma cells
The specific test used to identify the presence of a non-reducing sugar.
Acid Hydrolysis + Benedict's Test
The enzyme that joins Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand.
DNA ligase
Symplastic
The name of the tissue type that makes up the capillary wall.
Squamous epithelial cells
Where are ciliated epithelial cells located?
Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles
Which part of antibodies bind to antigens?
Variable region
A molecule with 1-6 & 1-4 glycosidic bonds and is the main storage form of carbohydrate in animals.
Glycogen
The name of the molecule that transports genetic information from nucleus to ribosome.
mRNA.
The cells that load and unload sucrose.
Companion cells.
The area of the heart that delays the wave of depolarisation.
Atrioventricular node
What is the name of the tissue that secretes mucus into the trachea and bronchi? (Hint: not goblet cells).
Mucous glands
What is the role of macrophages & dendritic cells? This role links the innate and adaptive immune systems.
Antigen presenting cells (APCs)
Why is water is described as a polar molecule?
Unequal sharing of electrons between hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
The type of nitrogenous base with two organic rings. Adenine & Guanine are examples.
Purines.
The name of the thin areas of xylem that allow for lateral movement of water.
Pits
By what method does tissue fluid return to the capillaries from the tissue?
Osmosis
What molecule is found in the walls of alveoli that helps to push air out of alveoli?
Elastin
What is the name of the process where Helper T cell guide other immune cells to pathogens?
Explain why collagen cannot have 3o structure
It is a linear protein. There are no interactions between R-groups on the same polypeptide.
The part of the tRNA molecule that binds to the mRNA codon.
Anticodon
The name of transport where assimilates are moved down a hydrostatic pressure gradient in the phloem.
Mass flow.
What is the name of the molecule the forms when H+ bind to haemoglobin?
Haemoglobinic acid
How does the mutation of the CFTR protein effect people with cystic fibrosis?
Dry mucus because Cl- ions cannot leave the epithelial cells, resulting in a lack of water moving into mucus.
Why are some pathogens (e.g. COVID, Influenza) able to infect the same person again and again?
These pathogens mutate. Their antigens are slightly different each time they infect individuals.