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Platelets & Hypersensitivity

100

Rheumatoid arthritis involves which type of hypersensitivity reaction primarily?

Type III: Immune Complex Hypersensitivity

200

SLE is an example of this type of hypersensitivity

What is Type III (Immune Complex) Hypersensitivity?

300

This type of hypersensitivity is responsible for blood transfusion reactions

What is Type II (Cytotoxic) Hypersensitivity

400

Hey look at little Johnny who had chicken pox last week. Now he's got these weird purple spots and his mom says he keeps getting nosebleeds.

Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)

500

The most common immunodeficiency disorder affecting mucosal membranes

What is Selective IgA Deficiency?

White Blood Cells

100

Hey Dr. Smith, I was looking at Mr. Johnson's lymph node biopsy. I saw these huge, weird-looking cells with multiple nuclei that look like owl's eyes. What are we dealing with?

A: What are Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's Lymphoma?

200

What condition might develop after chickenpox causing bruising and bleeding?

Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura?

300

What cells give rise to Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin lymphoma?

What are B lymphocytes?

400

B cells that have failed to differentiate from precursor B cells into mature B cells.

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

500

There's a 65-year-old in clinic with a super high lymphocyte count, but they're not sick. The weird thing is, these B cells look immature in their blood work. What's going on?

What is Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Red Blood Cells

100

This pregnant mom is Rh-negative, but her baby is Rh-positive. Now the baby's getting jaundiced and we're setting up phototherapy. 

What is Hemolytic Disease of Newborn (Erythroblastosis Fetalis)

200

Your patient keeps craving ice chips like crazy and has this weird spoon-shaped fingernail thing going on. Better check their..

What is iron levels? (Iron Deficiency Anemia)

300

Little Maria's parents are both carriers, and now she's having these painful 'crises' where her red blood cells look like crescents.

A: What is Sickle Cell Anemia?

400

The most common cause of anemia worldwide

What is iron deficiency

500

 hair loss and fatigue are symptoms of

 Iron Deficiency Anemia

Arterial Disorders

100

This guy's arteries look like clogged pipes on the angiogram. Years of high cholesterol finally caught up...

What is Atherosclerosis?

200

Patient's got the 'silent killer' - no symptoms but their pressure's 180/95!

What is Hypertension

300

Look at poor Martha, a nurse who's been standing 12-hour shifts for 20 years. Her leg veins look like a road map because all that standing made her vein valves give up!

VARICOSE VEINS

400

8-year-old Tommy loves soccer but mom's super nervous. His Factor VIII is missing in action, and last time he bumped his knee, it bled for 3 days! His aPTT test is through the roof, but oddly, his platelet count is totally normal.

What is Hemophilia

500

For a client who has lost approximately 30% of their blood volume, this equates to Class III hemorrhagic shock, where 30-40% of circulating blood volume is lost. The body typically shows compensatory responses to such a significant blood loss. Here’s what would be expected and what would be unexpected in this case:

• Tachycardia: The body compensates for blood loss by increasing heart rate to maintain cardiac output. Heart rates in this scenario often exceed 120 beats per minute.
• Hypotension: Blood pressure drops due to the reduced circulating volume. Systolic blood pressure is likely to fall below 90 mm Hg.
• Tachypnea: Respiratory rate typically increases to compensate for decreased oxygen delivery, often exceeding 30 breaths per minute.
• Pallor and Cool, Clammy Skin: Due to peripheral vasoconstriction as the body prioritizes blood flow to vital organs.
• Altered Mental Status: This could range from anxiety and confusion to lethargy, reflecting hypoperfusion of the brain.
• Decreased Urine Output: As renal perfusion drops, urine output usually falls to less than 0.5 mL/kg/hr.