Enzymes and Proteins
What enzyme unwinds the DNA double helix?
Helicase
What is the strand that is copied continuously?
Leading strand
Which base pair matches with Adenine (A)?
Thymine (T)
What is the molecule that stores the genetic information in the cell?
DNA
Which enzyme adds the nucleotides up to build a new DNA strand?
DNA polymerase
What is the strand that is in small fragments?
Lagging strand
Which base pair matches with Cytosine (C)?
Guanine (G)
In mitosis, which stage allows the DNA to replicate?
The S phase
What enzyme makes a starting point for DNA polymerase?
Primase
What is semi-conservative do?
It separates into two strands, then attaches onto a new complementary strand.
What is the direction the DNA Polymerase builds a new strand in?
5’ → 3’
What is the enzyme that matches the new nucleotide to the original strand?
DNA Polymerase
Which enzyme connects the smaller pieces of the DNA onto the lagging strand?
DNA ligase
What are the small fragments of DNA in the lagging strand called?
(Hint: From a Japanese dude)
Okazaki fragments
Why are RNA primers necessary?
DNA polymerase can’t start without a primer
Why must replication happen before cell division?
For all the cells to have the full set of DNA
True or false: DNA polymerase can start a new stand without a primer?
False
True or false: Is both the leading strand and the lagging strand copied in the same way?
False
True or False: DNA replication produces two identical DNA molecules?
True or False: After replication is there now a result of two identical DNA molecules?
True