Memory
Name and describe the two types of amnesia
What is retrograde amnesia (forgetting past memories) and anterograde amnesia (cannot form new memories)?
Name the role of the amygdala.
what is it controls the feelings of stress response or fear?
Define psychiatry
What is a branch of medicine that’s focused on diagnosing and treating mental disorders?
Name two drugs that are considered Schedule I drugs
what are heroin, LSD, ecstasy, shrooms, and marijuana?
Name the different categories of memory
What is declarative memory (semantic and autobiographical) and non-declarative memory (emotional learning, motor learning, and conditioning)?
Name the brain regions associated with the stress response
What is the amygdala, hippocampus, and HPA axis (hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal glands)?
This group of people are more likely to be diagnosed with anxiety
Who are women (aren't we lucky)?
Drugs are graded on a schedule I through V scale. If we say a drug is a schedule II, what does that mean?
What is there’s high potential for abuse and dependence, it has accepted but regulated medical use?
after the memory consolidation process, what part of the brain is no longer required?
what is the hippocampus?
Describe the neural differences between motivation and pleasure.
What is motivation is related to dopamine transmission, whereas pleasure is related to endogenous opioid transmission?
Describe the monoamine hypothesis
What is that mood disorders may come from the dysfunction of one of the monoamine neurotransmitter systems?
Marijuana reacts with cannabinoid receptors throughout the brain, where are the areas that they’re concentrated the most?
What are certain areas of the cortex, the hippocampus, and the nucleus accumbens?
Describe what would occur if a rat with a damaged hippocampus underwent the Morris Water Maze.
What is the rat would take the same amount of time to find the hidden platform in each subsequent trial?
Describe the theories of emotion discussed in class.
What is Cannon-Bard theory states that feeling emotion is independent of the physiological response, the James-Lange model says feeling emotions is the perception of physiological changes which causes an emotional reaction, and the Singer-Schachter model believes our feelings are influenced by the physiological changes and our knowledge about the stimulus?
DAILY DOUBLE: According to the Neurotrophic model, what kind of difference do we see in depressed individuals' brains?
What is reduced volume in the PFC and the hippocampus?
There are 5 main categories of drugs that we study. Name them all and describe what they do
what is a stimulant (causes euphoria, hyperactivity, and increased motivation), depressant (causes sedation, motor impairments, and pleasure), opioid (pain relief and euphoria), cannabinoid (altered sensations/mood, impairs memory and decision making), and a hallucinogen (causes hallucinations and mood changes)?
Let's say patient E.P was given a piano and they've never played before their accident. After a couple of lessons, what would be the results?
what is the patient would get better at playing over the next few lessons but wouldn't be able to recall the lesson from the day before?
Prairie voles are a monogamous species, whereas Montane voles are polygamous. Describe the brain differences you would expect to see
What is prairie voles would have a higher density of oxytocin and vasopressin receptors in the brain?
How do benzodiazepines help the treatment of anxiety disorders?
What is by binding to GABA receptors, it’s easier for the receptors to allow chlorine to pass so its effectiveness increases
Fentanyl is a type of opioid which are famously addicting. Describe the biological changes that lead us to “liking” opioids
what is... since it has a similar shape to our endogenous opioids then it binds to the same receptors which leads to intense pleasure?