IPA Basics
What does IPA stand for?
International Phonetic Alphabet
What symbols are used for phonemic transcription?
Virgules (/ /)
What is the vowel portion of a syllable called?
Nucleus
What type of phoneme comes before a vowel?
Prevocalic phoneme
Where are the vocal folds located?
The larynx
What is phonetics?
The study of speech sounds.
What symbols are used for phonetic transcription?
Brackets [ ].
What is the consonant before the nucleus called?
Onset
What type of phoneme occurs between two vowels?
Intervocalic phoneme
What is the space between the vocal folds?
The glottis
Why is the English spelling system unreliable for documenting speech sounds?
Letters can represent different sounds, different letters can represent the same sound, and some letters are silent.
Which type of transcription focuses only on the most salient features of production?
Broad transcription
What is the consonant after the nucleus called?
Coda
What type of phoneme comes after a vowel?
Postvocalic phoneme
Which structure contracts to bring air into the lungs?
The diaphragm
Which branch of phonetics is most related to phonetics and this class?
Articulatory phonetics
Which type of transcription uses diacritics?
Narrow transcription
A syllable with a coda is called what?
Closed syllable
What is a releasing consonant?
A consonant that begins a syllable
What does PARR stand for?
Phonation, Articulation, Respiration, and Resonation
Approximately how many phonemes are in General American English?
About 44 phonemes.
Give an example of a word pair that demonstrates the need for IPA.
Examples include sock/broke or shop/sugar.
A syllable without a coda is called what?
Open syllable
What is an arresting consonant?
A consonant that ends a syllable
What determines whether a sound is voiced or voiceless?
Whether the vocal folds vibrate