What did the Persians ask for when they were getting ready to attack Hellas?
Earth and Water
100
What region was Arthaphernes the Satrap over?
Lydia
100
What was the "bank" of the Athenian Empire?
The League of Delos
100
What does Hegemon mean?
It means that a country is the strongest power, and so strong that all the other countries cannot defeat it
200
What were the two theories that explain why the Minoan Civilization died off?
Earthquake or Invasion
200
What did the runner at Marathon say after the battle and what does it mean?
He said "Nike!" and it means "victory!"
200
What region did Aristagoras try to conquer?
Island of Naxos
200
What was the role of women in Athens and Sparta?
Athens - Woman were expected to stay home and take care for the family
Sparta - Women were in charge of the house and had many responsibilities.
200
What were the strengths and weaknesses of Sparta during the Peloponnesian War?
1. Strength - Strong army and strong leadership
2. Weakness - Could not fight in Attica for too long because their Helots would revolt. Also they did not use money so they could not build a navy
300
Which reformer tried to create a military state in Sparta?
Lycurgus
300
What did the Oracle of Delphi say to Leonidas?
1. Sparta will lose its city or its king
300
Which Polis in Hellas did Aristagoras ask for help 1st and then 2nd?
1st - Sparta
2nd - Athens
300
According to Plato, why do Humans know things even if they were not taught it?
Because we come from the World of the Forms, where we knew all things but when we came to earth, we forgot
300
What would start the 2nd Peloponnesian War?
1. Athens was too aggressive against Corinth, an ally of Sparta
2. Sparta feared that Athens was trying to become the hegemon
400
What does Synoikismos mean and why is it related to the Polis?
Synoikismos means "to come together" and it is how the villages in Pre-Archaic Greece came together to form the Polis of Archaic Greece
400
What are two things Themistocles is famous for in Athens?
1. Building the navy to prepare for the war against Persia
2. Winning the Battle of Salamis
400
What did the Tyrants have to balance in Ionia?
They had to balance between the Persian Satrap's demands and their people's desire for independence/autonomy
400
According to Plato, what were the best to worse types of government?
1. Philosopher King
2. Warrior King
3. Oligarchy
4. Democracy
5. Tyrant
400
What was the result of the Athenian invasion of Syracuse?
1. They lost a lot of their army and navy
2. Athens would suffer rebellions in the League of Delos
3. Persia would interfere in the war and supply Sparta with a navy
500
Explain the evolution of democracy in Athens (3 steps)
1. Pre-Solon - The Eupatridae (Nobility) control the city
2. Solon - Creates 4 classes and allows everyone to vote but only the 1st class can hold office
3. Pericles - Allows everyone to hold office and vote (if they are a citizen of Athens)
500
What was the result of the 2nd Greco-Persian War? (at least 3 things)
1. Persia loses
2. Athens creates the League of Delos
3. Athens and Sparta begin to rival each other
4. Greek civilization/culture will survive.
500
What was the result of the Ionian Revolt? (At least 3 things)
1. Ionian cities that rebelled are re-conquered
2. Aristagoras is killed in Thrace
3. Aristagoras' city is destroyed, boys are made eunuchs and girls are forced into the King's harem
4. Persians change the tyrant system in Ionia and allow more democracies.
500
Explain the 4 causes of Aristotle
1. Material Cause
2. Formal Cause
3. Efficient Cause
4. Final Cause
500
What was the final result/consequence of the Peloponnesian War?
1. Athens would lose its Empire
2. Sparta would remain the hegemon of Hellas