Atoms and Bonding
What subatomic particle has a negative charge and orbits the nucleus?
electron
This is the chemical used to test for the presence of starch in a food sample.
What is Iodine solution?
This value is represented by the gradient (slope) of a distance-time graph.
What is speed?
This tool is used to measure the volume of a liquid precisely.
What is a measuring cylinder?
Unlike animal cells, bacterial cells contain small circular loops of DNA known by what?
Plasmids
What subatomic particle has the smallest mass?
electron
This mineral is essential for the formation of hemoglobin to transport oxygen.
What is Iron?
This is the standard SI unit for acceleration.
What is m/s2
Convert 0.045m to mm
45 mm
This organelle is the site of aerobic respiration in eukaryotic cells.
mitochandria
What structure is formed with sodium and chloride? Is it atoms or ions? describe the structure
Giant lattice structure, ions, regular arrangement
These are the two primary uses of fats (lipids) in the human body.
What are insulation and long-term energy storage?
On a speed-time graph, a horizontal line above the x-axis indicates this state of motion.
What is constant speed (zero acceleration)?
This is the formula used to calculate the magnification of a biological drawing.
magnification = image size / actual size
Explain the "Lock and Key" hypothesis of an enzyme, specifically identifying which part represents the "lock" and which represents the "key."
how a substrate binds to the active site of an enzyme to form a product and how each enzyme is specific for types of substrates
When a gas undergoes condensation, what two changes do the particles have in regards to energy and proximity?
losing energy and getting closer together.
If a patient is suffering from Scurvy, identify the missing nutrient and describe the specific biological role that nutrient plays in the body.
What is Vitamin C, which is responsible for the maintenance/repair of tissues and gums (collagen synthesis)?
A vehicle accelerates from10 m/s to 40 m/s in the span of 12 s. Calculate the acceleration.
2.5 m/s2
A micrograph of a mitochondrion has a magnification of x 20,000. If the image measures 40mm, calculate its actual length in micrometers (um).
2 um
this term describes an enzyme that has lost its functional shape and can no longer bind to a substrate.
denatured
Predict the chemical formula for a compound formed between an element with an atomic number of 13 and an element with an atomic number of 8.
Al2O3
Describe the path of a protein molecule from Ingestion to Assimilation, specifically naming the process that must occur in the small intestine for it to enter the blood.
What is: Ingestion (mouth) -- Digestion (stomach/small intestine) -- Absorption (villi/small intestine) -- Transport -- Assimilation (incorporation into cell structures)?
An object starts from rest and accelerates at a constant rate of 4 m/s2 for 5 seconds. Calculate the total distance travelled over 60 minutes.
71,950 m
A student uses a micrometer screw gauge to measure the thickness of a glass slide. Before taking the measurement, they notice that when the jaws are fully closed, the "0" line on the thimble is 2 units below the datum line on the sleeve (a positive zero error). They then measure the slide, and the gauge reads 2.44 mm.
2.42 mm
An experiment is conducted where an enzyme is placed in a solution with a pH of 2.0. Initially, the reaction rate is high, but when the pH is suddenly increased to 12.0, the reaction stops completely. Explain this result by describing the specific changes to the enzyme's internal structure and how this affects its ability to interact with a substrate.
The extreme change in pH causes the enzyme to become denatured. The chemical bonds holding the protein's 3D shape together break, causing the Active Site to change shape. As a result, the active site is no longer complementary to the substrate, meaning they cannot fit together like a "Lock and Key," and no enzyme-substrate complex can form.