Cell Structure
This organelle is the site of aerobic respiration and produces ATP.
What is the mitochondrion?
The monomers that make up proteins.
What are amino acids?
The model describing the arrangement of phospholipids and proteins in the cell membrane.
What is the fluid mosaic model?
The white blood cell type responsible for producing antibodies.
What are B lymphocytes (or B cells)?
Enzymes act as these, speeding up chemical reactions without being consumed.
What are biological catalysts?
The rigid structure surrounding plant cells, made of cellulose.
What is the cell wall?
This test uses Benedict’s reagent to detect the presence of this biological molecule.
What is a reducing sugar?
The type of transport that requires energy in the form of ATP.
What is active transport?
A protein on the surface of pathogens that triggers an immune response.
What is an antigen?
This type of inhibitor binds to an allosteric site and decreases the enzyme’s maximum rate of reaction.
What is a non-competitive inhibitor ?
Name the process that separates organelles based on their density after cell homogenization.
What is ultracentrifugation?
This polysaccharide is a storage molecule in plants, made up of amylose and amylopectin.
What is starch?
Water moves through a partially permeable membrane by this process.
What is osmosis?
Name the process where phagocytes engulf and digest pathogens.
What is phagocytosis?
The name of the hypothesis where the active site changes shape slightly to fit the substrate.
What is the induced fit model?
This organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes used for breaking down waste material.
What is the lysosome?
This protein’s structure includes a prosthetic haem group, enabling it to carry oxygen.
What is haemoglobin?
The movement of molecules down their concentration gradient with the aid of specific carrier or channel proteins.
What is facilitated diffusion?
This type of immunity develops after vaccination.
What is active artificial immunity?
This factor can denature enzymes by breaking hydrogen bonds and disrupting tertiary structure.
What is pH?
This double-membraned organelle contains circular DNA and ribosomes, enabling it to replicate independently of the nucleus.
What is the mitochondrion?
The specific name for the bond formed between the glycerol and fatty acids in a triglyceride.
What is an ester bond?
The term for the movement of bulk material into the cell, involving vesicle formation.
What is endocytosis?
This type of immunity involves the production of memory cells following an infection.
What is active natural immunity?
The name of the inhibitor that binds to the active site of an enzyme, preventing substrate binding.
What is a competitive inhibitor?