Cell Structure
This organelle is the site of aerobic respiration and produces ATP.
The mitochondrion
The monomers that make up proteins.
Amino acids
The model describing the arrangement of phospholipids and proteins in the cell membrane.
Fluid mosaic model
The white blood cell type responsible for producing antibodies.
B lymphocytes (or B cells)
Enzymes act as these, speeding up chemical reactions without being consumed.
Biological catalysts
The rigid structure surrounding plant cells, made of cellulose.
The cell wall
This test uses Benedict’s reagent to detect the presence of this biological molecule.
Reducing sugar
The type of transport that requires energy in the form of ATP.
Active transport
A protein on the surface of pathogens that triggers an immune response.
Antigen
This type of inhibitor binds to an allosteric site and decreases the enzyme’s maximum rate of reaction.
Non-competitive inhibitor
Name the process that separates organelles based on their density after cell homogenization.
Ultracentrifugation
This polysaccharide is a storage molecule in plants, made up of amylose and amylopectin.
Starch
Water moves through a partially permeable membrane by this process.
Osmosis
Name the process where phagocytes engulf and digest pathogens.
Phagocytosis
The name of the hypothesis where the active site changes shape slightly to fit the substrate.
Induced fit model
This organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes used for breaking down waste material.
Lysosome
This protein’s structure includes a prosthetic haem group, enabling it to carry oxygen.
Haemoglobin
The movement of molecules down their concentration gradient with the aid of specific carrier or channel proteins.
Facilitated diffusion
This type of immunity develops after vaccination.
Active immunity
This factor can denature enzymes by breaking hydrogen bonds and disrupting tertiary structure.
pH
This double-membraned organelle contains circular DNA and ribosomes, enabling it to replicate independently of the nucleus.
Mitochondrion
The specific name for the bond formed between the glycerol and fatty acids in a triglyceride.
Ester bond
The term for the movement of bulk material into or out of the cell, involving vesicle formation.
Endocytosis
This type of immunity is non-specific.
Passive immunity
The name of the inhibitor that binds to the active site of an enzyme, preventing substrate binding.
Competitive inhibitor