Cell Structure
During translation, this molecule brings the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome based on the mRNA codon sequence.
What are ribosomes?
The monomers that make up proteins.
What are amino acids?
The model describing the arrangement of phospholipids and proteins in the cell membrane.
What is the fluid mosaic model?
This nucleic acid is the molecule of heredity and is replicated with great accuracy in cells.
What is DNA?
Enzymes act as these, speeding up chemical reactions without being consumed.
What are biological catalysts?
The rigid structure surrounding plant cells, made of cellulose.
What is the cell wall?
This test uses Benedict’s reagent to detect the presence of this biological molecule.
What is a reducing sugar?
The type of transport that requires energy in the form of ATP.
What is active transport?
Adenine is this type of nitrogen base.
What is Purine?
This type of inhibitor binds to an allosteric site and decreases the enzyme’s maximum rate of reaction.
What is a non-competitive inhibitor ?
Name the process that separates organelles based on their density after cell homogenization.
What is ultracentrifugation?
This polysaccharide is a storage molecule in plants, made up of amylose and amylopectin.
What is starch?
Water moves through a partially permeable membrane by this process.
What is osmosis?
A gene is a sequence of nucleotides that codes for this, which is a chain of amino acids.
What is a polypeptide?
The name of the hypothesis where the active site changes shape slightly to fit the substrate.
What is the induced fit model?
This organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes used for breaking down waste material.
What is the lysosome?
This protein’s structure includes a prosthetic haem group, enabling it to carry oxygen.
What is haemoglobin?
The movement of molecules down their concentration gradient with the aid of specific carrier or channel proteins.
What is facilitated diffusion?
During DNA replication, DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides in the 5′ to 3′ direction. This leads to the formation of what two different types of strands
What is the Leading and Lagging strand?
Which enzyme is responsible for linking Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand during DNA replication?
What is DNA Ligase?
This double-membraned organelle contains circular DNA and ribosomes, enabling it to replicate independently of the nucleus.
What is the mitochondrion?
The specific name for the bond formed between the glycerol and fatty acids in a triglyceride.
What is an ester bond?
The term for the movement of bulk material into the cell, involving vesicle formation.
What is endocytosis?
During translation, this molecule brings the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome based on the mRNA codon sequence.
What is transfer RNA (tRNA)?
The name of the inhibitor that binds to the active site of an enzyme, preventing substrate binding.
What is a competitive inhibitor?