Spanish Colonization
This conquistador defeated the Aztec Empire and established Spanish control over Mexico.
Hernán Cortés
Founded in 1607, the first permanent English settlement is named what and was located in this colony.
Jamestown, Virginia
The Columbian Exchange introduced this crop from the Americas to Europe, significantly increasing European food supplies.
Corn/Maize
European explorers and settlers justified the conquest of Native lands by invoking this
civilizing mission; religious ideology; Christianity
This many multiple choice questions are on the AP US History exam.
55
Spain's conquest of this empire brought immense wealth back to Europe through silver mines in Mexico and Peru.
The Aztecs/Mexica
What cash crop saved the Jamestown colony by providing a profitable export and attracting more settlers?
Tobacco
European colonization led to the dramatic decline of Native American populations due to this primary factor.
Disease, Smallpox
The spread of this crop through the Columbian Exchange led to a population boom in Europe.
Potato
This acronym is used on the APUS exam; it consists of about 7 documents and you have 1 hour, 40 minutes to write an essay.
DBQ - Document-Based Question
This animal, introduced by Spain to the New World, transformed the mobility and hunting strategies of Native American tribes on the Great Plains.
The Horse
First group of European's to settle in the Northern parts of North American.
Puritans
European settlers brought these two domesticated animals to the New World, transforming Native agriculture and food production.
Pigs & Cattle
This motive for exploration grew out of a fierce competition among European kingdoms for increased trade with Africa, India, and China that eventually led to the "discovery of the New World."
Economic, Spice Trade Access
These are the two main types of documents used in historical analysis.
Primary & Secondary
What system of forced labor did the Spanish implement to extract labor and tribute from indigenous peoples in the Americas?
The Encomienda System
Several factors made an oceanic crossing and exploration possible in the late 15th century, but this technology was supreme in helping Europeans explore.
Naval Tech
The transatlantic trade in African slaves intensified because of demand for labor in plantations producing this key commodity.
Sugar and/or Tobacco
The transatlantic slave trade grew rapidly because of European demand for labor in these types of colonies.
Plantation Colonies
Colonization of North American was done primarily - but not exclusively - by these main European Powers.
Spain, France, England
This treaty divided newly discovered lands outside Europe between Spain and Portugal.
Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
This native leader initially cooperated with the English settlers, but later led resistance due to land encroachment and resource competition.
Powhatan
The Columbian Exchange was significant because it marked the beginning of this long-lasting economic and cultural exchange system.
This key economic theory, dominant during European exploration, promoted colonies as sources of wealth for their mother countries.
Mercantilism
Compare and contrast the primary motivations of Spanish and English colonization in the Americas.
How did their different goals influence their interactions with Native American populations? How did each European power treat the Natives?
Spanish (Gold, God, & Glory)
English (Economic Gain and Settlement)
For native populations -- See AMSCO and Treatment