Lecture 1
What is the name for the long cytoplasmic process that is capable of propagating an action potential?
Axon
Chemical synapses are comprised of these 3 things:
1. Pre-synaptic membrane
2. Synaptic cleft
3. Post-synaptic membrane
List the 4 special senses:
1. Vision
2. Hearing
3. Smell
4. Taste
The choroid plexus consists of:
modified ependymal cells & capillaries
Which cerebral structures control upper motor neuron activity?
The basal nuclei
Sensory neurons are what type of neuron?
Unipolar
Which neurotransmitter is released at synapses found at the neuromuscular junction in the parasympathetic nervous system?
Acetycholine
Specialized cell or cell process that monitor conditions in the body or in an external environment describes:
Sensory receptors
The spinal cord extends down to what level, normally?
L1-2
Do the basal nuclei function outside conscious awareness to help regulate activity of upper motor neurons?
Yes
Which type of glial cell monitors CSF and aids in its circulation?
Ependymal Cells
What is the first thing that happens when the action potential reaches the axon terminal?
Calcium ion channels open and calcium rushes into the pre-synaptic cell
The sensation of the clothes touching your skin gradually declines. This is an example of what type of sensory adaptation?
Peripheral adaptation
How many cervical nerve pairs are there?
8
What structure is considered the final relay point for sensory information?
Thalamus
Which neuroglia myelinates axons in the PNS?
Schwann cells
At a synapse, what is the name of the space between the cells?
Synaptic cleft
Which tactile receptor detects deep pressure?
Pacinian corpuscle
The L1 nerve comes out (above or below) the L1 vertebra?
below
What are the 3 functions of the pineal gland?
1. A link between the nervous & endocrine systems
2. Secretes melatonin to promote sleepiness
3. regulates day-night cycles
What is the layer of connective tissue that surrounds the outside of a nerve called?
Epineurium
When an axon is at rest, which ion is in high concentration outside the axon cell membrane?
Sodium
Which type of proprioceptor is located at the junction between a skeletal muscle and its tendon?
Golgi Tendon Organ
The spinal cord tapers to a conical end called the:
Conus medularis
List the 3 main parts of the brain stem:
2. Pons
3. Medulla oblongata