Muscular Tissue
Which neurotransmitter is released from the axon terminal into the neuromuscular junction after an action potential travels down the motor neuron?
Acetylcholine
Is the origin or insertion generally farther from the center of the body (i.e., distal)?
Insertion
Temporal summation
Is the flexor (withdrawal) reflex monosynaptic or polysynaptic?
Polysynaptic
What type of contraction is the major cause of DOMS? This type of contraction is also best for increasing muscle size and strength.
Eccentric contractions
World class sprinters would have a high percentage of what type of fiber in their leg muscles?
Type II fibers
What is the most common type of lever system in the human body? Hint: A bicep curl is an example.
Third-class lever
What is the approximate resting membrane potential of a neuron?
-70 mV
Are motor output signals sent up the ascending pathway or down the descending pathway?
Down the descending pathway
Which type of fiber appears red because of its high concentration of myoglobin and many mitochondria?
Type I fibers
Which term describes a somatic motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it stimulates?
Motor Unit
What type of fascicle arrangement produces the greatest power?
Pennate arrangement
A neuron with one dendrite and one axon is classified as what?
Bipolar
In adults, where does the spinal cord end?
L1 or L2
A sustained contraction without any sort of relaxation is known as what?
During the upward phase of a squat, is the muscle action primarily concentric, eccentric, or isometric?
In this disease, the immune system mistakenly attacks the myelin sheath, a protective layer that covers nerve fibers.
Multiple Sclerosis
Which neuroglial cells form the myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
Schwann cells
After neuronal injury, this process involves the breakdown and removal of the distal portion of the axon and its myelin sheath.
Wallerian degeneration
Which neuroglial cell is the most abundant? They are responsible for maintaining the blood-brain barrier.
Astrocytes
During intense exercise, what causes the sensation commonly described as “the burn”?
Accumulation of hydrogen ions
In a second-class lever system, such as when you do a calf raise, which component is located in the middle?
Load
An excitatory neurotransmitter ________ the postsynaptic membrane.
Hint: It either depolarizes, hyperpolarizes, or repolarizes
Depolarizes
The area of the skin that provides sensory input to the CNS via one pair of spinal nerves is called what?
Dermatome
What is the metabolic pathway that transfers lactate from muscles to the liver, where it is converted to glucose and returned to the muscles?
Hint: It is also a common boy's name.
Cori cycle