Lymphatic System
Immune System
Respiratory System
Digestive System
Random
100
Is tuberculosis a virus or bacteria?
Bacteria
100
Which of the following is a part of the third line of defense for the immune system?
A. Skin
B. T cells
C. Macrophages
D. Mucous membranes
B. T cells
100
Gas exchange between blood and tissues refers to what type of respiration?
Internal respiration
100
What is the condition where food, especially sugar, moves too quickly from the stomach to the small intestine, often occurring after gastric surgery?
Dumping Syndrome
100
The enzyme trypsin helps digest which macronutrient?
Protein
200
What is the name of the lymphatic duct that drains about 75% of the body?
Thoracic duct
200
The complement protein system attacks pathogens directly by assembling what?
Membrane Attack Complex (MAC)
200
What is lung capacity that is equal to the sum of expiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and inspiratory reserve volume?
Vital capacity
200
What is the initial, preparatory phase of gastric secretion that occurs before food enters the stomach? It is triggered by the sight, smell, thought, or taste of food.
Cephalic phase
200
Which of the following is closest to a normal tidal volume?
A. 50 mL
B. 500 mL
C. 5000 mL
B. 500 mL
300
Which lymphoid organ is the primary lymphoid organ where T cells undergo maturation and selection?
Thymus
300
What is the name for a transplant in which a person receives tissue or an organ from another member of the same species (e.g., human to human)?
Allograft
300
As gas volume increases, pressure decreases (and vice versa). This is an example of what gas law?
Boyle's law
300
What is the name of the ball-like mass of chewed food mixed with saliva that is formed in the mouth and esophagus?
Bolus
300
What type of T cell suppresses excessive immune responses?
Regulatory T cells
400
Which lymphoid organ filters blood, removes aged red blood cells, and monitors for blood-borne pathogens?
Spleen
400
Which cells display CD8 proteins and interact with MHC class I antigens?
Cytotoxic T cells
400
If someone is in the Arctic Circle in the middle of winter, what would happen to their oxyhemoglobin association curve as they become colder and colder?
It would shift to the left
400
Which of the gastric gland cells secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor?
Parietal cells
400
An individual has the following lung volumes:
- TV = 0.5 L
- IRV = 2800 mL
- ERV = 1 L
- RV = 1200 mL
What is this individual's total lung capacity (in L)?
5.5 L
500
Peyer's patches, part of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), are found in what organ?
Small intestine
500
Which cells increase the permeability of blood vessels by releasing histamine?
Mast cells
500
What is the second most common way that carbon dioxide is transported in the blood?
Carbaminohemoglobin (bound to hemoglobin)
500
The digestive system is composed of two primary plexuses. Which plexus is responsible for glandular secretion and blood flow?
Submucosal plexus
500
In mL/kg, what is the inspiratory reserve volume shown by this figure?
43 mL/kg
600
The lymphatic system has three primary functions. One, it drains excess interstitial fluid. Two, it carries out immune responses. What is the third primary function?
Transport dietary lipids and lipid-soluble vitamins
600
Neutralization, inflammation, and complement activation are three of the antibody defense mechanisms. What are the other two main defense mechanisms of antibodies?
Precipitation and agglutination
600
The tidal volume of an individual is 8 mL/kg body weight. If the individual weighs 100 kg, what would the absolute tidal volume be?
800 mL (0.8 L)
600
What type of small intestine cells are found deep in crypts and act as specialized secretory cells that fortify small intestine’s defenses? These cells secrete antimicrobial agents, such as defensins and lysozyme, that can destroy bacteria.
Paneth cells
600
What is the name of the large, abnormal cells that serve as the hallmark diagnostic marker for Hodgkin lymphoma?
Reed-Sternberg cells