Cells
The smallest unit that can live on its own and that makes up ALL living organisms and the tissues of the body.
What are cells?
This is a semi-permeable structure that surrounds the cytoplasm and regulates what goes into and out of the cell
What is the cell (plasma) membrane?
Where are ribosomes produced?
What is in the nucleolus?
This organelle is the site of creation and storage of lipids and steroids.
What is the SER (smooth endoplasmic reticulum)
What are the names of the two scientists that discovered the structure of DNA?
Watson & Crick
How do we calculate the size of cells?
Field of View/Fit Number (mm), then move decimal to the right 3 places to make micrometers.
Where is the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) located?
What is the nucleus?
Site where glucose is converted to ATP (powerhouse of the cell)
What is the mitochondria
These are hair-like structures on the surface of cells that have many functions, including cell movement and moving debris and microbes out and away from the cell.
What are cilia
How many cells are in the human body?
trillions
Before the invention of the ___________, scientists didn't even know about cells.
What is microscope?
found only in plant cells - help the cell keep its shape
What is the cell wall?
This is the site where proteins are assembled.
What is the RER (rough endoplasmic reticulum).
This is the cells internal supporting framework.
What is the cytoskeleton
What are the main types of passive transport?
What are simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, and filtration
Plant cells produce their own _____ through photosynthesis.
What is glucose or food or energy?
Organelle that allows plant cells to produce their own food
What are chloroplasts?
Organelle that aids in the digestion and recycling of cell parts that is found in animal cells but not in plant cells?
What is a lysosome?
This is the processing and packaging center within a cell, receiving proteins and lipids from the RER and SER, modifying them further, sorting them based on their destination, and then packaging them into vesicles to be transported to their final location within the cell or secreted outside the cell
What is the golgi apparatus (complex)
What are the main types of active transport?
They are primary active transport, secondary active transport, endocytosis (including phagocytosis & pinocytosis), and exocytosis
Which organelle directs the cells activities (control center)?
What is the nucleus?
fluid that fills the cell and holds the organelles
What is cytoplasm?
What two things that a plant cell has that an animal cell does not?
What are chloroplasts and cell wall (large central vacuole)
These are small, membrane-bound organelles found in the cytoplasm of almost all eukaryotic cells, primarily responsible for carrying out oxidation reactions that produce hydrogen peroxide, which they then break down using the enzyme catalase; they play crucial roles in lipid metabolism and detoxification by eliminating harmful substances within the cell.
What are peroxisomes
This is the process by which cells create two identical copies of DNA from a single original DNA molecule.
What is DNA replication