Superficial Back
OINA the Rhomboid major and minor
major: O(spinous processes of t1-t4) I(medial border of the scapula below the scapula spine) N(c5) A(adduction, elevation and downward rotation of the scapula)
minor: O(spinous processes of c7-t1) I(medial border of the scapula above the scapula spine) N(c5) A(adduction, elevation and downward rotation of the scapula)
OINA Sternocleidomastoid
O: Sternum and clavicle
I: Mastoid process and nuchal line
N: Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
A: B: Flexion* of the head U: Lateral flexion (same side) and rotation (opposite side) of the head
OINA Pec minor
O: ribs 3-5
I: coracoid process
N: medial pectoral nerve (c8-t1)
A: Origin fixed: Anterior tilt of the scapula
Insertion fixed: Elevate the thorax during forced inhalation
Coracobrachialis OINA
O: coracoid process
I: mid humerus
N: musculocutaneous (c5-c7)
A: Flexion, adduction, and internal rotation of the shoulder
O: Common flexor tendon (medial epicondyle of the humerus) and coronoid process (ulna)
I: lateral radius
N: medial nerve
A: pronation of the forearm and weak elbow flexion
Action of the Latissimus dorsi
O fixed: extension, adduction, internal rotation of humerus
I fixed: elevation of pelvis
Transverse process C3-7
Origin of middle Scalene
Action of the subscapularis
Internal rotation, stabilizes humeral head in the glenoid cavity
O: distal anterior humerus
I: ulnar tuberosity
N: musculocutaneous (c5-c7)
A: elbow flexion
Insertion: anterior distal radius
pronator quadratus
O: inferior angle of the scapula
I: lesser tubercle of the humerus
N: lower subscapular nerve (c5-c6)
A: extension, adduction, internal rotation of humerus
What is Teres major?
cervical and brachial plexus
Insertion and Action of the serratus anterior
I: Medial border of the scapula
A: Origin fixed: Abduction, upward rotation, depression of the scapula. Holds the scapula against the thoracic wall
Insertion fixed: Elevation of the thorax during forced inhalation
which two muscles insert at the olecranon?
triceps and anconeus
Flexor pollicis longus OINA
O: radius and interosseous membrane
I: distal phalanx of the thumb
N: anterior interosseous nerve
A: Flexion and abduction of wrist; flexion of the thumb (CMC, MCP, IP joints)
Origin and Insertion of Upper, Middle, and Lower Trap?
Upper O: occipital bone, spinous processes c1-c7
Upper I: lateral 1/3 of clavicle
Middle O: Spinous processes t1-t4
Middle I: acromion and spine of scapula
Lower O: spinous processes t5-t12
Lower I: spine of the scapula
Origin and insertion of posterior scalene
I: rib 2
Origin and action of sternocostal portion and action of entire muscle (pec major)
O: sternum and costal cartilages
A: Extension*, adduction, internal rotation of the humerus
Entire A: Insertion fixed: Elevation of the thorax during forced inhalation
short head vs long head of the biceps brachii
also the action
origin (coracoid process vs. supraglenoid tubercle)
action: Origin fixed: Elbow flexion, supination of the forearm
Insertion fixed: Flexion of the shoulder
Insertion and action of flexor carpi ulnaris
I: Pisiform, hook of the hamate, and 5th metacarpal
A: Flexion and adduction of the wrist, weak elbow flexion
The action of the Supraspinatus
What is abduction of the humerus and stabilizes humeral head in the glenoid cavity?
Origin fixed: rise upper ribs
Insertion fixed:
B: Flexion of the neck
U: Lateral flexion of the neck (same side)
OINA Pec major: Clavicular Portion
O: clavicle
I: crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus
N:Medial pectoral nerve (C8- T1)
Lateral pectoral nerve (C5- C7)
A: Flexion*, adduction, internal rotation of the humerus
O and A deltoid
Anterior
O: lateral clavicle
A:Abduction, flexion and internal rotation of the humerus
Posterior
O: spine of the scapula
A: Abduction, extension and external rotation of the humerus.
Middle
O: acromion
A: abduction of the humerus
O: Common flexor tendon (medial epicondyle of the humerus), coronoid process, radius
I: Middle phalanx of digits 2 to 5
N: median nerve
A: Flexion of the wrist and MCP and PIP joints finger 2-5; weak elbow flexion
flexor digitorum superficialis