Misc cell stuff
Plasma membrane
the plasma membrane separates the cell’s interior from its external environment and controls what can enter and exit the cell. Mostly made of lipids
Ribosome size
80S-larger than prokaryote
Cell Wall
rigid structure enclosing cell, resists pressure
Rowan ate lunch today
Nutrition
Cytoplasm
water-based jelly-like fluid that fills the cell, suspends ions, organic molecules, DNA and ribosomes, and is the site of metabolic reactions.
Cytoskeleton
a system of protein fibres called microtubules and microfilaments. The cytoskeleton helps to hold organelles in place and maintain the structure and shape of the cell.
Example of prokaryote
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Jason accidentally put his hand on a hot surface. He jumps up
Response to stimuli
Anucleate vs multinucleate cell
no nucleus. ex:RBC, sieve tube cell
many nuclei. ex:muscle cells, aseptate hyphae
Mitochondria
double-membrane-bound organelles that convert glucose into ATP (the cell’s energy currency) in the process of respiration.
DNA structure
unenclosed circular loop
Destiny knows that she breathes out CO2 that her body produced as a waste product of cellular respiration
Excretion OR metabolism
plastid
organelle responsible for producing/storing energy. Ex: Chloroplasts, mitochondria
Nucleus
contains the DNA which is associated with histones and is organised into chromosomes. The nucleus contains the nucleolus, which is involved in the production of ribosomes. The nucleus has a double membrane which contains pores through which certain molecules can pass, including glucose, RNA and ions.
Ribosome size
70S, smaller than eukaryotes
Izzy notices that her body temperature is constant, even when she's in a variety of outdoor temps
homeostasis
budding scar
ring of tissue in fungi left behind from the reproductive process of budding
ER (smooth and rough)
SER: produces and stores lipids, including steroids.
RER:has ribosomes attached to its surface which produce proteins that are usually destined for use outside the cell.
Plasmid
small, circular pieces of DNA that can be transferred from one prokaryotic cell to another.
Growth