Common Factors
Arises out of data elicited from the client’s frame of reference
objective empathy
All behavior is goal directed and shaped by lifestyle
Adlerian
a form of advanced, accurate empathy that generates a distinctly different and yet cogent interpretation of the narrative for client exploration of discrepancies in cognition, affect, or behavior
confrontation
the focus shifts to (a) identifying what is under the client’s control, (b) releasing that which is not, and (c) building on the positive aspects of lived experience
logotherapy
Key task is “rolling with resistance”
Motivational Interviewing
Defined as a genuine valuing of the other-in-themselves and is love, in the sense of agape, and voluntary love of humankind
unconditional positive regard
Search for meaning in existence
logotherapy
a constructive and positive reframing of formerly negative aspects of the presenting problem to alter negative self-images
positive labeling
behavioral contracts, token economies, and social skills training
behavioral therapy
Theory that defines functional happiness as developmental and complex construct that is subject to both study and change
positive psychology
Builds on collaboration, emotional bonding, correspondence on goals, processes, and tasks, and motivation to work toward those goals
working alliance
cognitions and behaviors reinforce each other and cognitions can be changed through learning new behaviors
cognitive behavioral therapy
sharing of personal experience to clarify points and demonstrate empathy
counseling disclosure
techniques include distancing, redefining, reattribution, decastraphizing, thought stopping, relaxation and meditation, systematic desensitization
Cognitive
micro skill where one mirrors back the emotions expressed in the client narrative
reflecting feelings
Defined as genuineness or authenticity
Congruence
Disconnection between proclivity for self-actualization and the shell of defense mechanisms is a source of conflict and anxiety.
Person Centered Counseling
a dedication to frank, open discussion about the here-and-now-
directedness
follows the ABC model
REBT
career counseling theory that has Six work characteristics matched to corresponding interests of individuals
Holland's theory
empathy, congruence, and unconditional positive regard are called what?
Core conditions
aggressively persuasive approach and use of psychoeducational and “emotive-evocative"
REBT
Name the first counseling objective
Working alliance
Interventions include positive writing, practicing optimistic thinking, positive reminiscence, mindfulness, life coaching, rehearsal of positive statements, forgiveness, and socializing
positive psychology
theory that focuses on the seven helping habits (support, encouragement, listening, acceptance, trust, respect for the client, and negotiating differences with the client
reality