Variables
The variable controlled by the researcher
Independent Variable
The type of research design that lets us determine whether treatment A is better than treatment B.
Experimental Design
The lowest level of measurement - these are variables that can only be "named" such as eye color, hair color, gender, etc...
Nominal
One independent variable with two levels
Bivalent
Attribute Independent Variables
IVs that are intrinsic to the individual such as "level of hearing loss."
The variable you don't plan for that messes up your study
Extraneous Variable
A quantitative design that is not experimental
Descriptive
The highest level of measurement such as total correct items on a spelling test - this level of measurement has a true zero
Ratio
One independent variable with more than 2 levels
Multivalent
Active Independent Variables
IVs that are manipulated such as treatment conditions
The variable that changes if the independent variable has an effect
Dependent Variable
A research design that examines perspectives or opinions of the participants without using numbers.
Qualitative
The level of measurement that allows for rank order of data - for example, the order in which runners finish a race- first, second, third
Ordinal
A study in which the researcher is comparing whether high tech AAC vs low tech AAC results in more communication attempts for children with cerebral palsy
Bivalent
Discrete Variables
Can only take on specific values such as categories
The levels of the Independent Variable
The groups or conditions being compared by the researcher
A research design that seeks to find predictive relationships such as "what are the characteristics in preschoolers that predict whether they will be on grade level in reading in the 4th grade?"
Correlational
This level of measurement is similar to ratio except there is no "true zero"
Interval
More than 1 independent variable
Parametric
Continuous Variables
Can take on any value within a specified range (amount of thickener required to create different consistencies)
The type of variable that cannot be changed such as "eye color"
Attribute Variable
A research design that follows participants across time to determine how a particular trait or skill changes over time.
Longitudinal
An IQ score is considered which level of measurement
Interval
The researcher is comparing whether people with different levels of hearing loss differ in their ability to understand words of a speaker at different distances.
Parametric
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