Evidence for Evolution
This type of rock mostly contains fossils.
Sedimentary rock
Differences in traits among individuals in a population.
Variation
A factor in the environment that affects survival.
A diagram showing evolutionary relationships.
Phylogenetic tree / Cladogram
True or False: Individuals evolve over time.
False; populations do.
Structures that are similar due to shared ancestry are called these.
Homolgous structures
Producing more offspring that can survive.
Overproduction
Insecticide resistance occurs because resistant insects ____________.
Already existed / Survive and reproduce
A branch point on a tree represents this.
Common ancestor
True or False: Organisms evovle becuase they need to.
False
This type of structure has similar function but different evolutionary origin.
Analogous structures
The struggle for limited resources.
Competition
Why do some bacteria survive antibiotics?
They already have resistance mutations.
Two species that share a recent node are...
Closely related
Correct this statement: "Humans evolved from monkeys"
Humans and monkeys share a common ancestor.
This type of evidence compares genetic materials between organisms.
DNA (molecular evidence)
The ability to survive and reproduce.
Fitness
In the peppered moth example, dark moths became more common because...
They were better camoufalged / survived predation
The first organism to branch off is the most...
Distantly related / earliest diverging
True or False: Antibiotics create resistant bacteria.
False
These fossils show intermediate forms between groups. Bonus: The name of the intermediate amphibian.
Transitional fossils Bonus: Tiktaalik
The step where individuals with beneficial traits survive and reproduce more.
Differential survival
The trait increases fitness / is advantageous
If a derived trait appears after a branch, which organisms have it?
All organisms after that branch.
Correct this statement: "The strongest organisms always survive"
Fitness is about reproduction, not strength.