Basics
When teaching w/DTT you should deliver reinforcement after a correct response
What is immediately
Functions of Behavior
(There are 5)
MEATS!
Medical, Escape, Attention, Tangible, Sensory
What are socially significant behaviors?
Daisy waits appropriately without engaging in problem behavior. She is given extra time outside to play.
What is positive reinforcement?
Name three different materials needed for data collection.
What are BIPs, datasheets, timer, reinforcers, utensils?
(Other appropriate answers allowed at the discretion of host)
Teaching a client in a normally occurring environment with things they enjoy (and will be motivated by)
What is a naturalistic intervention?
Timmy is at a desk by himself when he begins headbanging. This results in a teacher coming over quickly, telling him to stop, and then sitting next to him to monitor.
What is attention?
You are teaching a client to clap her hands. The client's hands are grabbed by the therapist to do the clapping motion and is reinforced. After a few trials, the therapist uses one finger (on each hand) to guide the client to the correct response. This is an example of....
What is prompt fading?
Give an example of an EO – establishing, increases the effectiveness of the reinforcer
Answers may vary:
I just ate a whole bag of candy. My therapist tells me to finish my homework and I will get a piece of candy. I’m less likely to complete the work. However, if I haven’t been given candy all day (deprivation) and it is my favorite candy, I’m more likely to do my work to gain reinforcement.
At the clinic, Loki is reinforced for asking for help (instead of screaming) when he can't open a bag of chips. When he gets home he asks his mom to help him open his fruit snacks.
What is generalization?
Using prompts to guide the client closer to the target behavior/skill and reinforcing successful approximations (closer to the final/target goal)
What is shaping?
The therapist tells the client to complete a worksheet. The client puts her pencil down and asks the therapist "what time is it?", "how much longer until lunch?", "did someone just walk by?"
What is escape?
A client who is known to grab others in the hall is taught and reinforced for keeping hands down at sides instead. This process is called
What is differential reinforcement?
(DRI-incompatible)
A child was hitting his brother with a toy car, his mother took away all of his toys and he never hit his brother again
What is negative punishment?
Removing something to decrease likelihood of future behaviors
Demonstration!!!! DAILY DOUBLE
What is the best way to prevent this from happening?
What is sanitizing the environment?
A client is earning stickers for appropriate behavior. Once he earns 10 tokens he gets iPad time. The stickers (secondary reinforcers) are a part of....
What is a token economy?
A client and therapist are walking to get materials. The client sees peers playing with bubbles in the ballpit and stops. The therapist gently guides the client to continue walking. The client throws themself on the floor and screams.
What is access to tangible?
You are teaching Pamela, a nonverbal client, to tact animals. She is not familiar with pandas. You place a panda and tiger card on the table using a positional prompt. You give her the SD "touch panda". She touches the panda card and is reinforced. This is an example of...
What is errorless learning?
A therapist forgot to turn off a timer and it is loud and distracting. You go to the next room and turn off the timer.
What is negative reinforcement?
Name three ways someone can communicate
What is verbal speech, device, gestures/body language, visual cards (PECS), other.
What is the three-term contingency and give an example
Hint: (S-R-S model)
What are the ABCs of behavior?
Examples can vary:
A-Chuck is told to put toys away
B-He throws toys and screams
C-He has to pick the toys up and put them in the toybox.
Every time Liam sneezed I said bless you which he enjoys. Liam would then "pretend to sneeze several times in a row". Eventually, I stop saying bless you to Liam and he stops fake sneezing. What is the name for the words in quotes
What is extinction burst?
(attention-maintained)
Engaging in more intense behaviors in an attempt to gain reinforcement for a behavior that has stopped being reinforced
What is an extinction burst?
Overcorrection
(Ex: finger to mouth "shh" sign 50 times when client whines)
What is a form of positive punishment?
(You are adding something to decrease the likelihood of future behaviors)
Thomas is learning motor imitation. His therapist gives the SD "do this" and claps her hands. The SD "do this" is a....
What is a verbal operant?