Consequences
Positive Reinforcement
This is anything added that increases the likelihood that a behavior will occur again in the future.
Fixed Ratio Schedule of Reinforcement
a fixed-ratio schedule is a schedule of reinforcement where a response is reinforced only after a specified number of responses.
Echoic
Repeating a modeled heard utterance, sound or word
Discriminitive Stimulus
A stimulus in the presence of which responses of some type have been reinforced and in the absence of which the same type of response have occurred and not been reinforced.
Shaping
A process used to teach a new behavior by reinforcing successive approximations to the target behavior.
Consequence
Anything that happens directly after a behavior occurs
Variable Ratio Schedule of Reinforcement
A schedule of reinforcement where a response is reinforced after an unpredictable number of responses, but the reinforcement occurs for an average of the variable ratio that is determined.
Tact
A label for something the speaker sees, hears, smells, or tastes.
Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior
A procedure where an alternative behavior to the challenging behavior is reinforced that matches the same function of the challenging behavior.
Discrete Trial Teaching
An intervention strategy characterized by its highly structured, one-on-one teaching environment in which tasks are broken down and taught in small increments. DTT is typically conducted with a teacher and learner seated adjacent to one another at a table.
Positive Punishment
When a stimulus that is unpleasant is added as a consequence to decrease the likelihood that a behavior occurs again in the future.
Extinction Burst
An immediate increase in the frequency/intensity of responding when an extinction procedure is initially implemented.
Mand
A request to fulfill a want or need.
Antecedent
The events, action(s), or circumstances that occur immediately before a behavior.
Task Analysis
A step-by-step list of actions necessary to complete a specific behavior.
Negative Reinforcement
something uncomfortable or otherwise unpleasant is taken away to increase the likelihood that a behavior occurs again in the future.
Spontaneous Recovery
The reappearance of a response that has been extinguished.
Intraverbal
a form of verbal behavior where the speaker responds to another's verbal behavior (e.g. like in a conversation)
Satiation
a decrease in the frequency of operant behavior presumed to be the result of continued contact with or consumption of a reinforcer that has followed the behavior; also refers to a procedure for reducing the effectiveness of a reinforcer.
Natural Environment Teaching
The learner’s current activities and interests determine the teaching strategies. NET follows the child’s lead and learning can occur anywhere and everywhere.
Negative Punishment
When a stimulus that is desired is taken away as a consequence to decrease the likelihood that a behavior occurs again in the future.
Functions of Behavior
Escape, Sensory, Attention, Access to Tangibles
Verbal Behavior
Behavior that is reinforced through the mediation of another person's behavior. Communication that helps individuals get what they want and avoid what they dont want.
Motivating Operations
An environmental variable that alters the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus and alters the current frequency of all behavior that have been reinforced by that stimulus
Incidental Teaching
Teaching that follows the learner’s lead in a naturally occurring way