Behavior Support Plans (BSP)
The blueprint for behavior changes per behavior for each client as an individual.
what is the BSP (Behavior Support plan)
Provide an example of PREVENTATIVE measures that can be taken to AVOID a maladaptive behavior from occurring specific to a function of behavior:
ESCAPE: BT blocks the door with their body to prevent elopement
ACCESS: BT provides visual forms of communication to aid in manding for desired reinforcer
ATTENTION: BTperforms frequent preference assessments to maintain highest motivation
AUTOMATIC/SENSORY: BT and client play chase before work time to reduce likelihood of a physically disruptive stim during work time.
The strategy where we stop reinforcing a behavior that was once reinforced in order to reduce/eliminate the frequency of that behavior.
what is extinction
a 1:1 instructional approach that teaches skills in a structured, controlled, and systemic manner:
What is DTT (discrete Trial training)
The small behaviors/steps that complete one larger task
what is behavior chaining
what is an Operational Definition
Random reinforcement that is not dependent on SD delivery. It works to discourage maladaptive behaviors.
What is NCR (Non-Continuous Reinforcement)
After an intervention, a behavior gets worse before it gets better.
what is Extinction Burst
Taking advantage of naturally occurring incidents that provide learning opportunities for the student
what is NET (natural environment teaching)
The three types of task analysis
forward chaining (first to last), backwards chaining (last to first), and total task chaining (tasks done in order but providing sporadic help)
Define Objective, Measurable, and Complete regarding a BSP
Objective: only what is observable about a behavior
Measurable: able to take good data on the behavior
Complete: clearly defines the onset and offset of the behavior including examples and non-examples of the behavior (defining boundaries of the behavior)
A sequence of delivering multiple easy/mastered tasks before delivering a more difficult SD. This creates behavior momentum that encourages compliance.
what is High-Ps (High-Probability Request Sequence)
A behavior that was reduced or eliminated gets "tried again" after a time of non-occurrence.
what is Spontaneous recovery
Delivering an SD a predetermined number of times, often ending on an independently correct response, although not all N number of responses must be correct/independent.
what is MT (mass trial)
The four trial based methods of formalized preference assessment
single stim (successive choice),
paired stim (forced choice between two stims),
multiple stim WITH replacement (replacing unchosen items with new ones), and
multiple stim WITHOUT replacement (chosen item removed and remaining items rearranged)
The preventative measures for avoiding maladaptive behaviors
what are Antecedent Strategies
Provision of alternative modes of communication systems to encourage socially acceptable modes of communication, i.e. using an AAC device instead of yelling or tantruming.
what is FCT (functional communication training)
Provide an example of function-specific consequence strategy:
Escape Extinction: client is not allowed to avoid responsibility for correctly responding to the SD
Automatic/Sensory extinction: client pulls a lamp cord to get the flash of the light bulb; when the lightbulb is removed, the client no longer wants to pull the chain
Attention extinction: the BT does not respond to yelling and reinforces the client saying "excuse me" quietly
Access extinction: BT withholds reinforcer if the client engages in tantruming behavior.
Often done with mastered criteria which promotes active listening with targets existing within the same category.
what is RR (random rotation)
turning a neutral stimulus (one that does not have an effect on behavior) into a reinforcing stimulus (one that DOES have an effect on behavior)
The intervention of maladaptive behaviors after they have occurred
what are consequence strategies
How do we define a behavior as maladaptive?
Any behavior that interferes with a client's ability to engage in the culture around them --> social significance, which is client-defined, is prioritized. Ex: hand flapping is not disruptive to quality of life but property destruction is.
Employing Differential Reinforcement to encourage coping skill use instead of maladaptive behaviors.
what is FERB (functionally equivalent replacement behaviors)
Teaching new behavior by differentially reinforcing successive approximations towards the behavioral objective
what is Shaping
The shape of a behavior, e.g. what it objectively looks like.
what is Topography