Airway
What should you check first when assessing an unconscious victim's airway?
Check if the airway is open and clear.
How long should you check for normal breathing during an initial assessment?
<10 seconds
What is the recommended adult CPR compression rate?
100-120 bpm
In an emergency assessment, what does “Disability” primarily refer to?
Assessing the victim's neurological status or level of responsiveness.
What is the purpose of the Exposure portion of an assessment?
To look for additional injuries or medical conditions that may not be immediately obvious.
What is the first step to take if a responsive person is choking but can still cough forcefully?
Encourage them to keep coughing.
What is considered abnormal breathing in an unresponsive victim?
Agonal gasps or irregular gasping.
What is the correct compression-to-breath ratio for one-rescuer adult CPR?
30:2
What tool/acronym can be used to quickly assess a person's level of responsiveness?
AVPU.
When exposing a victim to look for injuries, what should you do to protect their privacy?
Expose only what is necessary and maintain their dignity/privacy.
What maneuver is used to open the airway of an unresponsive victim when no spinal injury is suspected?
Head-tilt/Chin-lift
What should you do if a victim is unresponsive and not breathing normally?
Begin CPR and use an AED as soon as available.
What is the difference between arterial and vascular bleeding?
Arterial is spurting bright blood. Vascular is oozing dark blood.
A victim opens their eyes only when you apply a painful stimulus. What AVPU level are they?
P- responds only to pain
What should you do if a victim is wet and showing signs of hypothermia?
Remove wet clothing when appropriate, dry and warm the victim, and prevent further heat loss.
What maneuver should be used to open the airway when a spinal injury is suspected?
Jaw-thrust
What is the correct ventilation rate for an adult who has a pulse but is not breathing normally?
1 breath every 6 seconds.
When would you use a bandage/dressing instead of a tourniquet?
When bleeding can be controlled through direct pressure
When is a victim ruled totally unresponsive?
When they don't respond to voice or pain stimuli
During a full-body assessment, you notice severe bleeding that was missed initially. What should you do?
Treat the life-threatening bleeding immediately.
What should you do if you see an object blocking an unconscious victim's airway?
Remove it only if it is visible and easily reachable; do not blindly sweep the mouth.
What condition could cause unilateral chest rise and fall?
Pneumothorax
Where are the three major pulse points?
Carotid, radial, and femoral
Looking at a victim's eyes, you notice different-sized pupils. What condition do they likely have?
Neurological condition. Concussion.
What is the most important exposure consideration when dealing with a hemorrhage patient?
Keeping them warm to avoid hypothermia, even in hot enironments.