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Pathologies
Positioning
Evaluation Criteria
Miscellaneous
100

What is a Pneumoperitoneum?

“Free” intraperitoneal air

100

Provide the positioning criteria of a KUB/Supine Abdomen.

  • Patient in supine position with MSP centered to mid table 

  • CR directed perpendicular to iliac crest and MSP

  • 40" SID

100

Provide the evaluation criteria for a KUB/Supine Abdomen.

  • Spine in center of film with no rotation 

  • Includes all anatomy from upper renal poles, psoas to symphysis pubis 

  • Evidence of crosswise collimation

100

What is the average kVp range for an Abdomen?

  • Average technique 75-90 pending body habitus 

  • If barium study, increase kVp to at least 120 kVp

200

What is Cholethasis?

  • Hard deposits that form in the gallbladder 

  • Gallstones 

200

Provide the positioning criteria of a PA/Prone Abdomen.

  • Patient prone with MSP centered to mid table 

  • CR directed perpendicular to iliac crest and MSP

200

Provide the evaluation criteria for a PA/Prone Abdomen.

  • Spine in center of film with no rotation 

  • Includes all anatomy from upper renal poles, psoas to symphysis pubis 

  • Evidence of crosswise collimation

200

Are grids used for Abdomen Radiography? If so, why?

  • Grid should be used to improve quality of image 

  • Table and Wall Bucky have grid 

  • If doing portably, should use grid 

300

What is Urolithiasis?

Formation of stony secretions in the bladder or urinary tract

300

Provide the positioning criteria of an Erect/Upright Abdomen.

  • Done for air/fluid levels

  • R/O atopic organs 

  • CR centered 2” above iliac crest and at MSP

    • MUST INCLUDE DIAPHRAGMS

  • Patient should be positioned PA if kidneys not of primary interest 

  • Allow 5-10 mins for air/fluid levels to develop

300

Provide the evaluation criteria for an Erect/Upright Abdomen.

  • Spine is centered with no rotation 

  • Anatomy includes from diaphragm - inferiorly 

300

What is the appropriate collimation for an Abdomen image?


  • Collimate crosswise because most adults need the full length of the IR to capture kidneys and bladder

400

What is Ascites?

  • Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, causing abdominal swelling

400

Provide the positioning criteria of a Lateral Decubitus Abdomen.

  • Left lateral preferred in the PA position

  • Alternate for erect when patient is too ill to stand 

  • Allow 5-10 mins for air/fluid separation 

  • Arms above level of diaphragm 

  • Knees slightly flexed for stability 

  • CR directed to MSP and 2” superior to iliac crest 

400

Provide the evaluation criteria for a Lateral Decubitus Abdomen.

  • Diaphragm seen without motion 

  • Both sides of abdomen visible 

  • No rotation of patient

    • Spinous processes in center of L-spine 

    • Pelvis symmetry 

  • Proper marker placement, indicating side up

500

What is the difference between Volvulus and Intussusception?

Volvulus =

  • When a loop of intestine twists around itself and results in a bowel obstruction 

Intussusception =

  • When part of the intestines slides into an adjacent part of the intestine 

  • Telescoping motion