Scientific Method
The tentative explanation to answer a scientific problem.
What is hypothesizing?
The minimum characteristics that a design must have to function.
What are criteria?
A special type of proposition that uses a If/Then statement.
What is a hypothetical proposition?
The fallacy that occurs when a single term is ambiguously used with two different meanings in a single argument.
What is equivocation?
The measure of an object's thermal energy.
What is temperature?
The system of measurement, developed in France, uses prefixes attatched to the base units to make new units.
What is the metric system?
The prefix that means 1/1000.
What is kilo-?
The amount of space an object occupies.
What is volume?
F=9/5(C+40)-40
What is used to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit?
The step of the scientific method that involves organizing data and researching the findings of other scientists' data.
What is observing?
A model that is made with the exact shape, proportions, and appearance as what it represents.
What is a physical model?
A conclusion based on reasoning from evidence.
What is a inference?
The logical fallacy that involves assuming that one thing causes another thing because it occurred before the other.
What is post hoc fallacy?
The property causes matter to resist changes in motion.
What is inertia?
The closeness of a measurement to the quantity's actual value.
What is accuracy?
The SI unit for mass.
What is kilogram?
The amount of mass in a certain object.
What is density?
K=C+273.15
What is the formula to convert Celsius to Kelvin?
The ability for other scientists to reach the same conclusion by performing the same experiment under different conditions.
What is reproducibility?
A push or pull on an object.
What is a force?
Reasoning from specific evidence to a general conclusion.
What is inductive reasoning?
The fallacy that occurs when someone says something in true because some in authority says it is true.
What is argument for authority?
The amount of gravitational pull on an object.
What is weight?
The system of measurement that is accepted as the standard for scientists.
What is SI (International System of Measurement)?
The temperature scale with absolute zero.
What is the Kelvin scale?
The ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a standard substance.
What is the specific gravity?
V(object)=V(final)-V(intial)
What is the formula to calculate Volume with fluid displacement?
A hypothesis that has some data that can prove it incorrect.
What is falsifiable?
The 3 main steps of the Engineering Design Process.
What are 1) Define the problem, 2) Design a solution, and 3) Evaluating the solution?
A special type of inductive reasoning used when two situation are the same except for one factor. This factor is present on one situation and not the other.
What is method of difference?
The fallacy that occurs when someone attacks the person making the argument and doesn't challenging the reasoning or premises of an argument.
What is ad hominem fallacy?
The amount of matter in an object.
What is mass?
The specific measure to which all other measures are compared which ensures uniformity.
What is standard of measure?
The prefix that means 1/100.
What is centi-?
The best way to determine the volume of a large, irregularly shaped solid.
What is fluid displacement?
d=P(substance)/P(water)
What is the formula to calculate specific gravity?
A logical statement of fact.
What is an inference?
The term for giving up a characteristic that is less important for a characteristic that is more important.
What is a tradeoff?
The form of deductive reasoning that is used when we know the antecedent is true and therefore the consequence must also be true.
What is affirming the antecedent?
A common fallacy of inductive reasoning when someone assumes that a change in one factor caused the change in another simple because it happened after the first factor.
What is post hoc fallacy?
The ability to do work.
What is energy?
The five rules for counting significant digits.
What are 1) all non-zero digits are significant, 2) Zeros at the beginning of a number are never significant, 3) Zeros between numbers are significant, 4) Zeros that are at the end of a number that has a decimal point are significant, and 5) Zeros at the end of a number that does not have a decimal point are placeholders and are considered significant.
Using powers of 10 to represent very large or very small numbers.
What is scientific notation?
If a solid has a lower density in the liquid it is in then we will observe the object doing this.
What is floating?
p=m/V
What is the formula for Density?