Blood
determines the number of each type of WBC present in the blood
Differential WBC Count
normal cellular function is dependent on these three things
Homeostasis of Fluid
Electrolytes
Acid-Base Balance
primary extracellular cation
Sodium
the normal VCO2 is
200 L/min
illustrates how pH is influenced by the bicarbonate to carbonic acid ratio (base-acid ratio)
Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation
mature neutrophils
Segs
involves the analysis of blood, urine & bodily fluids
Clinical Biochemistry
is the most abundant mineral in the body
Calcium
the amount of oxygen entering alveoli & its removal by capillary blood flow determines the
PAO2
the concentration of hydrogen ions measured in the body is called
pH Units
a protein that inhibits coagulation & promotes degradation of clots
Active State (Activated Protein C (APC))
the analysis of blood & bodily fluids for the presence of infectious agents
Clinical Microbiology
the enzyme that regulates coagulation
Protein C
causes of this type of shunt include alveolar collapse (atelectasis), alveolar fluid accumulation, alveolar consolidation
Capillary (Refractory) Shunt
the amount of change from a normal bicarbonate level, allows non-respiratory acid-base imbalances to be quantified
Base Excess/Deficit
causes include dietary deficiencies, chronic inflammatory disease, genetics
Anemia
sputum tests for mycobacterium tuberculosis
Acid-Fast Test
Xpert® MTB/RIF Assay
the waste product from muscle catabolism excreted by the kidneys, provides a gross estimate of the glomerular filtration rate
Creatine (Cr)
reduced PaO₂ produced by this shunt cannot be treated by increasing FiO₂
Capillary (Refractory) Shunt
a disease state that causes bicarbonate concentration to decrease & hydrogen concentration to increase
Renal Failure
abnormal platelet functioning that leads to excessive bleeding
Thrombasthenia
testing these enzymes assesses protein synthesis
Total Protein (TP)
Albumin (ALB)
waste product from the metabolism of amino acids, a key marker of kidney function
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
a type of hypoxia in which blood flow to tissue cells is inadequate & oxygen is not adequate to meet tissue needs
Circulatory Hypoxia
hypokalemia, hypochloremia, diuretic therapy & hypovolemia are all causes of
Metabolic Alkalosis